一种基于WSN时变性与节点剩余能量均衡的机会路由算法

 为了解决数据报文在无线传感网络中动态路由以及网络内各节点剩余能量均衡问题，该文提出了一种机会路由算法。首先，利用热力学第2定律描述数据报文在无线传感器网络中动态路由的传输过程，其中，为了表征网络内各节点状态的时变性以及剩余能量，提出了机会熵模型；其次，以机会熵模型作为选择下一跳节点的理论依据，并结合蚁群优化(ACO)算法，设计并实现了考虑网络中各节点时变性与剩余能量均衡的机会路由算法(ACO for Time Dependent Opportunistic-routing Protocol, ATDOP)，使得数据报文在转发过程时，能够有效地选择下一跳节点，从而使网络内各节点的通信资源和能量资源达到负载均衡。最后，通过实验证明，相对于已有的机会路由协议，ATDOP具有报文成功传输率高、网络有效吞吐量大以及网络工作寿命长等优点。

Opportunistic Routing Algorithm Based on Topological Time-varying and Residual-energy Balance in Wireless Sensor Network

To deal with dynamic routing in wireless sensor networks and keep the residual-energy balance of each sensor node, an opportunistic routing algorithm is proposed. At first, based on the second law of thermodynamics and the model of entropy, an opportunistic entropy is proposed to describe each sensor node’s real-time status in wireless sensor network, which the node’s energy and communication distance to the sink node are mainly considered. Then, based on the opportunistic entropy and the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), an opportunistic routing protocol for wireless sensor network, called ACO for Time Dependent Opportunistic-routing Protocol (ATDOP), is proposed in this paper. In ATDOP, the node with the lowest opportunistic entropy in the sending node’s neighbors, is chosen to store and relay packets at each hop. Finally, the simulation results show that ATDOP performs better on successful delivery ratio, throughput and energy overhead as compared with traditional routing protocols.