多发多收合成孔径激光雷达高分辨率宽测绘带成像

合成孔径激光雷达（SAL）是作为未来远距离高分辨率对地区域观测的理想方式。针对传统的单发单收合成孔径激光雷达系统中高分辨率和宽测绘带的矛盾导致测绘带宽窄的问题，提出一种多发多收合成孔径激光雷达工作体制，该体制工作在低PRF模式，保证了距离向测绘带的不模糊，在方位向采用了多通道技术，利用虚拟孔径和真实孔径结合实现了方位向的多普勒不模糊。通过自适应波束形成将多通道数据合成大带宽无模糊数据，实现高分辨率宽测绘带成像。首先简述了方位向多通道技术提高方位向分辨率的原理；随后提出了多发多收合成孔径激光雷达的工作体制，并且给出了该工作体制下的信号模型，针对低脉冲重复频率条件下的多普勒模糊问题，提出了基于自适应波束形成解模糊信号处理方法。最后，通过三发三收体制验证多发多收合成孔径激光雷达工作体制的可行性。

High-resolution and wide-swath imaging of the multiple-transmitter-multiple-receiver synthetic aperture ladar system

Synthetic aperture ladar (SAL) is an ideal approach for the high resolution region observation with long distance. However, there is a contradiction between the azimuth resolution and the range swath in the single transmitter single receiver SAL system. So the range swath is restricted to a much narrow range. In this paper, the multiple-transmitter-multiple-receiver SAL system was proposed to overcome this limitation. The SAL system worked in the low pulse repetition frequency (PRF) mode to make the range swath unambiguous, and azimuth multiple-channels approach made the azimuth Doppler unambiguous by the way of combination virtue aperture and the real aperture through adaptive digital beam-forming method to realization the high resolution wide swath SAL imaging. The basic principle of increasing the azimuth resolution with the Multiple-Transmitter-Multiple-Receiver SAL system was depicted. Secondly, the concept of the Multiple-Transmitter-Multiple-Receiver SAL system mode was presented, and the signal model for the SAL mode was given as well. According to the Doppler ambiguous in the low PRF system, an adaptive signal processing approach was propoed to de-ambiguous. Finally, the simulation of Three-Transmitter-Three-Receiver SAL system was provided. The performance of the simulation shows the Multiple-Transmitter-Multiple-Receiver SAL system can overcome the Doppler spectrum aliasing and increase the azimuth resolution, and proves the feasibility of the Multiple-Transmitter-Multiple-Receiver SAL system.