激光回馈干涉进展及其生物医学应用综述

激光回馈干涉具有共光路、精度高等优势，已经成为光学测量领域的研究热点。基于激光回馈干涉的理论及主要模型，根据外界反射物信息分析反射光特性，得到激光回馈干涉的测量方法，通过分析激光输出特性的变化实现外界反射物体的信息测量。针对粗糙表面物体或流体，激光回馈干涉结合散斑技术发展为激光回馈散斑干涉技术；针对光滑表面物体，激光回馈干涉在离轴短外腔下出现多重激光回馈干涉现象。激光回馈干涉技术在位移、角度、速度、成像等检测领域快速发展。激光回馈干涉能够检测粗糙表面的弱反馈光且灵敏度高，同时兼具传统干涉技术的高精度优势，在生物医学领域的非接触测量具有研究价值和应用前景。

Review of laser feedback interference and its applications in biological medicine

Laser feedback interference has been the research highlight in the area of optical measurements, due to its advantages of common path and high precision. The measurements method of laser feedback interference was obtained according to the external reflective object’s information to analyze the characteristics of reflective light based on the basic theory and the main model of the laser feedback interference. Measurement of external reflective object’s information was realized through the analysis of laser output characteristics change. Laser feedback speckle interference was produced from the laser feedback interference and the laser speckle technology for the objects with the rough surfaces or the fluids. The phenomenon of multiple laser feedback interference arose from the laser feedback interference on condition of a short off-axis external cavity for the objects with smooth surfaces. The laser feedback interference technology achieved rapid development in the areas of displacement, angle, speed, imaging and so on for precisely detecting. The laser feedback interference technology was able to detect the weak feedback light scattered by the rough surfaces with high sensitivities and it also has the advantage of high precision like the traditional interference technology. The conclusion is drawn that the laser feedback interference technology has the research value and the application prospect in the fields of biological medicine for the non-contact detection.