Magnetic induction based cluster optimization in non-conventional WSNs: A cross layer approach |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Depatment of Electrical Engineering, Amritsar College of Engineering and Technology, Amritsar 143001, Punjab, India;2. Electronics and Communication Engineering Department, Yadavindra College of Engineering and Technology, Guru Kashi Campus, Punjabi University, Talwandi Sabo, Bathinda, Punjab, India;1. Dept of ECE, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore 641049, India;2. Nunnari Labs India Pvt. Ltd, Coimbatore-641, TamilNadu, India;3. Dept of CSE, Anna University, Coimbatore-641046, TamilNadu, India;1. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, Nagpur, India;2. Department of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Motilal Nehru National Institute of Technology, Allahabad, India;1. College of Automation, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China;2. College of Telecommunications and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China |
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| Abstract: | Conventional Radio Frequency (RF) communication technique is unsuitable for communication in non-conventional media (water, soil, rocks, etc.) because of heavy losses incurred due to dynamic channel characteristics. Magnetic Induction (MI) communication overcomes these losses as it is least affected by such varying channel characteristics. In non-conventional media based Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) the deployed sensor nodes cannot replace or replenish their batteries. Thus, energy consumption should be minimized and that can be achieved by clustering process. This process involves data sensing, aggregation and routing to the base station. These sub-tasks are performed under Physical (PHY), Medium Access Control (MAC) and Network (NET) layers of OSI Network model. Having lesser or larger number of clusters has different impact on energy consumption in different layers’ perspective. A large number of clusters decreases energy consumption as per PHY layer whereas it results in increased energy consumption as per MAC and NET layers. Thus, a trade-off is required to minimize the overall energy consumption. To this end, we found an optimal number of clusters considering the simultaneous influence of all three layers. The above analysis is performed for three media viz. sea water, fresh water and dry soil. |
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| Keywords: | Optimal clustering Cross-layer approach Hexagonal geometry Magnetic induction Non-conventional media Wireless sensor networks |
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