一种高效的量子秘密共享方案

利用量子安全直接通信和量子密集编码的思想,本文提出一个新的基于GHZ三重态的高效量子秘密共享(QSS)方案.利用量子相干性和一个公开的比特串K,Alice直接让Bob和Charlie共享其秘密消息,而不是首先与Bob和Charlie建立共享的联合密钥,再用联合密钥传输消息.该方案中平均消耗一个GHZ态可以共享两比特的经典信息.我们分别给出了无噪声信道和有噪声信道情形的安全性分析,并重点就量子直接秘密共享和量子安全直接通信之间的区别说明了协议中使用公开的K的必要性.

A Quantum Secret Sharing Scheme with High Efficiency

Drawing idea from the quantum secure direct communication(QSDC) and the dense coding,we propose a novel quantum secret sharing(QSS) scheme with high efficiency based on the GHZ states.Alice shares her secret message with Bob and Charlie directly using quantum correlations and a public string K,rather than shares a joint key with them and uses the joint key to transmit her message.In our scheme,a GHZ state can be used to share two bits message.We analyze the security of our scheme in the realistic and lossy channel respectively,and show it is necessary to use a public K due to the difference between quantum direct secret sharing and QSDC.