用 Matlab 实现恒定电场的可视化

用静电比拟方法将恒定电场问题转化为静电场问题后，可用Matlab求解并实现可视化。电力线图能反映场的宏观概况和细节分布，具有清晰的物理含义。Matlab绘制电力线图需要指定准确的起点，简单问题可通过分析对称性直接得到电力线的起点，对称性差的问题要根据电场公式迭代计算确定电力线起点。数字图像处理技术可用来增强恒定电场的图形效果。可视化教学能为抽象电磁理论带来直观性，从而提升教学效果。

Realize the Visualization of the Constant Electric Field by Matlab

Constant electric field problem is transformed into electrostatic field problem by analogy method, then it is easy to be solved and visualized by Matlab. The electric streamline diagram which has a clear physical meaning, reflects the macroscopic general situation and detail distribution of the field. The electric streamline diagram from Matlab requires accurate starting points. For simple problem in constant electric field, starting points are easily specified through symmetry analyzing, while for the problem with poor symmetry, starting points are determined by iterative computation according to the formula of electric field. Digital image processing technology is used to enhance the graphic effect of constant electric field. Visualization teaching by Matlab introduces intuition to abstract theory and improves teaching effect.