高速公路服务区生活污水特征及其处理工艺研究进展

聚焦于我国高速公路服务区的生活污水,由于服务区车辆随机性大,从而污水具有水量、水质变化波动大的特征,并将其与常规生活污水作对比,可以得出高速公路服务区污水浓度更高,成分更复杂,处理难度更大。针对此污水详细介绍了目前普遍采用的四种组合工艺,分别是生物接触氧化法+沉淀工艺、AO+MBR工艺、生物预处理+人工湿地、生物滤池工艺,并对四种工艺从处理效果、建设成本、运行成本、可操作性以及不同工艺的缺点上进行了比较分析。最后文章针对污水资源化利用的可行性,从水质和经济上进行了分析,将中水回用于绿化、冲厕等用途是高速公路服务区污水资源化利用的有效途径,不仅保护周围环境,节约服务区运营成本,同时可实现经济和环境效益。

Research Progress on Characteristics and Treatment Technology of Domestic Sewage in Expressway Service Area

This paper focuses on the domestic sewage in the expressway service area of China. Due to the randomness of vehicles in the service area,the sewage has the characteristics of large fluctuation of water quality.Compared with the conventional domestic sewage,it can be concluded that the sewage concentration in the expressway service area is higher,the composition is more complex and the treatment is more difficult. For this wastewater,four commonly used combined processes were introduced in detail,including biological contact oxidation + precipitation process,AO + MBR process,biological pretreatment + constructed wetland,and biological filter process. The four processes were compared and analyzed from the aspects of treatment effect,construction cost,operation cost,operability,and shortcomings of different processes. Finally,the feasibility of sewage resource utilization is analyzed from the aspects of water quality and economy. The reuse of reclaimed water for greening,flushing and other purposes is an effective way of sewage resource utilization in expressway service area. It not only protects the surrounding environment,saves the operation cost of service area,but also achieves economic and environmental benefits.