轨道交通桥梁结构噪声影响及治理措施研究

为探讨轨道交通桥梁结构噪声分布规律及评价采取轨道减振措施后的降噪效果,以某轨道交通高架线路为例,采用有限元与边界元相结合的方法分析有无隔振措施时桥梁振动及其引起的结构噪声,其中主要分析钢弹簧浮置板轨道、减振扣件轨道和橡胶减振垫轨道3种轨道减振措施。结果表明:单箱单室箱梁辐射声能量主要集中于31.5~125 Hz,噪声峰值出现在40~63 Hz;列车运行速度越大,桥梁结构噪声辐射总声压级越大;采取隔振措施后结构噪声可降低约5.6~16.6 dB(A),其中钢弹簧浮置板轨道降噪效果明显优于橡胶减振垫轨道和减振扣件轨道。

Structural Noise of Rail Transit Bridge and Its Control Measures

An elevated rail transit line was considered as an example to analyze structural noise distribution rules, and the noise reduction effects with different vibration and noise reduction measures were evaluated. Bridge vibration and the corresponding structural noise with and without control measurements were analyzed by the combined finite-element and boundary-element methods. Three control methods were considered: a steel spring floating slab track, a vibration reduction fastener track, and a rubber damping pad track. The research results showed that the single-box single-chamber noise radiation energy was mainly concentrated in the frequency range from 31.5 to 125 Hz, and the noise peak value was noted in the range from 40 to 63 Hz. The total noise radiation sound level increased with the increase in the train velocity. The structural noise sound level can also be reduced by 5.6 to 16.6 dBA with vibration reduction measures, in which a steel spring floating slab track has the best reduction control effect.