钢轨打磨对动车组轮轨匹配及磨耗影响研究

为解决动车组车辆在运行中出现的晃车及加速度异常情况,对磨耗后钢轨型面进行打磨,并通过仿真分析以及跟踪测量对打磨效果进行评估。分析结果表明,打磨后轮轨接触点对分布较打磨前更窄,分布于滚动圆附近,轮对发生横移时滚动圆半径变化较小,但由于其较小的接触面积导致接触应力较大,易产生较大的垂磨;打磨后钢轨匹配时由于等效锥度较小,对车辆运行稳定性及车体振动起到改善作用;打磨后钢轨的磨耗位置居中,磨耗面积小但垂直磨耗大,在运行一段时间后,轮轨接触光带会缓慢增大。因此,钢轨打磨缓解了车辆运行过程中构架横向加速度异常的情况,虽其滚动圆处垂磨较大,但其总磨耗量较打磨前小,且降低了对钢轨的损伤,有利于延长钢轨的寿命。

Research on Influence of Rail Grinding on EMU Wheel-rail Matching and Wear

In order to deal with the swing and the abnormal acceleration of the EMU vehicles during operation,the worn rail profile was polished.Then the grinding effect was evaluated through simulation analysis and tracking measurement.The results show that the distribution of wheel rail contact spot after grinding is narrower than that before grinding,and is close to the rolling circle.When the wheelset moves laterally,the radius of the rolling circle varies slightly.But due to the small contact area,the contact stress is large,which is easy to cause great vertical wear.Due to the small equivalent conicity of the polished rail,the running stability and the vibration performance are improved,and the wear work of the polished wheel is better than that of the worn wheel.The wear areas is small and close to the centre,but the vertical wear is large.After running for a period of time,the wheel rail contact band is increased slowly.Therefore,the polished rail alleviates the abnormal lateral acceleration problem of the frame of EMU vehicles during the operation of the vehicle.Though the vertical wear at the rolling circle is large,the total less wear and the less rail damage are good for extending the lifespan of rail.