高速铁路调频约束阻尼钢轨的降噪性能

为研究同时采用约束阻尼降噪和动力吸振2种措施的调频约束阻尼钢轨在高速运营条件下的降噪性能,利用有限元法建立钢轨-吸振器有限元模型,分析了谐振式动力吸振器关键参数对钢轨振动特性的影响,并建立试验段进行实车试验。研究结果表明:谐振式动力吸振器的谐振块质量不宜小于3.0 kg,弹性体弹性模量宜为1.0~3.0 MPa,弹性体阻尼宜为7.5~15.0 kN·s/m;调频约束阻尼系统可在较宽频域内降低钢轨竖向和横向振动,抑制以800~1 400 Hz为主频的高速铁路钢轨振动,在630~1 600 Hz频域降噪效果显著。

Noise Reduction Performance of Frequency Modulation Constrained Damping Rail for High Speed Railway

In order to study the noise reduction performance of frequency modulation constrained damping rail under high speed operation condition,which adopts two measures of constrained damping noise reduction and dynamic vibration absorption technology at the same time,the finite element model of rail-vibration absorber was established by using the finite element method.The influence of key parameters of resonant dynamic vibration absorber on the rail vibration characteristics was analyzed,and the test section was established for real vehicle test.The results show that the mass of the resonant block of the resonant dynamic vibration absorber should not be less than 3.0 kg,the elastic modulus of the elastomer should be 1.0~3.0 MPa,the damping of the elastomer should be 7.5~15.0 kN·s/m.The frequency modulation constrained damping system can reduce the vertical and lateral vibration of the rail in a wide frequency domain,suppress the rail vibration of high speed railway with the main frequency of 800~1 400 Hz,and reduce the noise significantly in frequency domain of 630~1 600 Hz.