城市轨道车辆车体被动式吸振器减振设计研究

针对城市轨道车辆车体振动的问题,建立了含被动式吸振器的车轨垂向振动模型,指出了传统二自由度被动式吸振器应用在轨道车辆上的局限性,提出了适用于城市轨道车辆车体被动式吸振器减振设计方法,利用Sperling平稳性指标验证了被动式吸振器在不同速度和载客量工况下的减振效果,探讨了被动式吸振器的安装可行性。研究结果表明:传统被动式吸振器的减振最佳点偏离了车体固有频率点,存在一定的偏差;优化设计后的被动式吸振器的最佳减振点和车体固有频率点相互吻合,具有最优减振效果。不同速度和载客量工况下,优化设计的被动式吸振器都能获得较好的减振效果,应用在轨道车辆车体上具有可行性。为利用被动式吸振器来降低车体振动的研究和应用提供了参考依据。

Study on Vibration Reduction Method of Passive Vibration Absorber for Urban Rail Vehicle Body

In order to solve the problem of vibration of urban rail vehicles,a vertical vibration model of rail vehicles with passive vibration ab?sorbers is established.The limitations of traditional two-degree-of-freedom passive vibration absorbers applied to rail vehicles are pointed out,and a vibration reduction design method of passive vibration absorbers suitable for urban rail vehicles is proposed.The Sperling stability index is used to verify the damping effect of the passive vibration absorber under different speeds and different carrying capacities.The feasi?bility of installation of passive vibration absorber is discussed.The results show that the optimal vibration damping point of the traditional pas?sive vibration absorber deviates from the natural frequency point of the vehicle body,and there is a certain deviation.The optimal vibration damping point of the optimized passive vibration absorber is consistent with the natural frequency point of the vehicle body,which has the op?timal vibration damping effect.Under different speeds and carrying capacity conditions,the optimized passive vibration absorber can achieve better vibration damping effect and is feasible to be applied to the body of rail vehicles.The work of this paper provides a reference for the re?search and application of passive vibration absorber to reduce the vibration of vehicle body.