轨枕局部空吊对轨道结构力学性能的影响分析

为研究轨枕局部空吊对轨道结构力学性能的影响,基于有限元法,建立力学模型,选取多种典型工况,分析轨枕局部空吊对轨枕弯矩、轨下胶垫和道床受力的影响。研究结果表明:随着轨枕空吊面积的增大,轨枕负弯矩先增大后减小,轨枕局部空吊对轨枕受力更不利,更容易引起轨枕产生裂纹,同时局部空吊会使道床产生应力集中,容易出现粉化现象,影响道砟使用寿命;随着轨枕空吊高度的增加,轨枕负弯矩先增加较快,随后增加较缓,轨枕空吊高度的增加也会使道床受力逐渐增大。建议工务人员应密切关注现场轨枕空吊病害,及时捣固、夯实道砟,避免出现轨枕局部空吊问题。

Analysis of the Influence of Local Sleeper Hanging on the Mechanical Performance of Track Structure

In order to study the influence of local sleeper hanging on the mechanical performance of track structure,a mechanical model is established based on the finite element method and some typical conditions are selected to analyze the influence of the local sleeper hanging on the sleeper moment,the stress of the rail pad and ballast bed. The results show that with the increase of sleeper hanging area,the negative moment of sleeper increases first and then decreases; the sleeper stress is more unfavorable,and the cracks in the sleeper are more likely to occur. At the same time,the local sleeper hanging will also cause stress concentration in the ballast bed,resulting in ballast pulverization,and affect the service life of the ballast. With the increase of sleeper hanging height,the negative moment of sleeper increases fast and then slowly,and the stress of ballast bed will also increase gradually. It is suggested that workers should pay close attention to sleeper hanging and tamp the ballast timely to avoid local sleeper hanging.