中俄高速铁路有砟道床技术条件分析——时速350 km高铁设计参考与借鉴

为厘清中俄高速铁路有砟道床技术条件差异及其内在原因,通过对两国不同轨距高速铁路有砟道床设计规范及技术条款进行分析,针对莫喀高铁和京张高铁(350 km/h)运营要求,考虑到轨距、温度变化不同因素影响,所得主要结论如下:(1)道床砟肩宜采用无堆高形式,道床边坡宜采用1∶1.75,加强道床夯实。道床厚度宜采用35 cm,如在桥隧地段、路基基床表层采用沥青层、弹性轨枕可降低为30 cm;(2)结合欧洲高铁经验,道床纵向阻力不应小于14 kN/枕,横向阻力不应小于12 kN/枕,可满足时速350 km要求;(3)时速350 km及其以上必须进行飞砟设计和措施研究;(4)时速350 km须进行轨枕设计,可通过形状和尺寸方式。由于轨距不同,建议莫喀高铁轨枕长度采用2.7 m、京张高铁采用2.6 m。

Technical Analysis of Chinese and Russian High-speed Ballast Bed-references for 350 km/h HSR Design

To clarify technical differences and their inherent causes between Chinese and Russian high-speed railway ballast bed,this paper analyzes the design codes and technical conditions of high speed railway ballast bed of different gauges in China and Russia with reference to Moscow-Kazan high-speed railway and Beijing-Zhangjiakou 350 km/h HSR. The following conclusions are reached in view of the influences of the gauge and temperature:( 1) ballast bed slope of 1 ∶ 1. 75 and zero shoulder ballast height should be taken,the thickness of ballast bed should be 35 cm,and the thickness of30 cm could be used for bridge and tunnelsections,for ballasted track with asphalt subballast layer,or where elastic sleeper is used;( 2) according to high-speed ballasted railway experiences in Europe,longitudinal resistance should no be less than14 k N per sleeper and lateral resistance no less than 12 k N per sleeper to satisfy the operation at 350km/h;( 3) measures and precautions shall be taken to prevent ballast flight for speed over 350 km/h;( 4) sleepers for 350 km/h by be redesigned in form and dimension,sleeper length of 2. 7 m for Moscow-Kazan railway and 2. 6 m for Beijing-Zhangjiakou railway are recommended.