钢轨动力吸振器对地铁车轨振动的影响分析

基于车轨耦合动力学理论,建立地铁车辆与地铁常用整体道床轨道的耦合动力学模型。对比地铁车辆在加装动力吸振器和未加装钢轨动力吸振器的轨道运行时的车体加速度、轮轨相互作用力、钢轨加速度以及轨道板(道床板)振动加速度等指标,综合分析其对车辆和轨道的影响,对钢轨动力吸振器的应用具有理论指导意义。对比从时域和频域分别进行,结果表明,地铁整体道床轨道在加装钢轨动力吸振器以后,车体垂向加速度受到的影响很微小;轮轨动作用力有减小趋势;钢轨加速度和道床板表面加速度在钢轨pinned-pinned共振频率附近有明显的降低。安装钢轨动力吸振器有利于轨道减振降噪,对轮轨动作用力的降低也有益处。

Influence of Dynamic Vibration Absorber for Rail on Vehicle-track Vibrations

Based on the vehicle-track coupled dynamics,this paper establishes the metro vehicle-monolithic track coupled dynamic model. The dynamic responses of metro vehicle-track system are analyzed respectively with dynamic vibration absorber( DVA) installed on rail and without. Then,the car-body acceleration,wheel-rail interaction forces,rail acceleration and track acceleration are compared with and without DVA,which provides guiding references for the application of DVA on rail. The comparison is conducted in time domain and frequency domain respectively. The results show that DVA has only a little influence on the car-body acceleration and the wheel-rail force decreases with DVA from the point of vibration in time domain. The rail and track accelerations decrease remarkably around the pinned-pinned frequency. The calculation indicates that the installed DVA is beneficial to the reduction of vibration and noise of rail and to the wheel-rail interaction forces.