轮径差对车辆系统稳定性的影响

通过对有轮径差的转向架进行受力分析,理论推断出由于轮径差的存在而改变轮对的对中平衡位置,进而改变轮轨接触关系,影响车辆系统的稳定性。根据轮径差的大小将轮径差对车辆系统稳定性的影响划分为易稳定区、欠稳定区和亚稳定区。在易稳定区内,车辆系统的稳定性较高,而且不易发生轮对偏磨;在欠稳定区内,车辆系统的稳定性较差而且容易发生踏面偏磨;在亚稳定区内,虽然车辆系统的稳定性也比较高,但容易发生轮缘偏磨。运用数字仿真对理论推断进行验证,结果表明理论推断是正确的。为了提高车辆系统的稳定性和减轻车轮的磨耗,应尽量减小轮径差,使车辆经常运行于易稳定区。

Influence of Wheel Diameter Difference on the Stability of Vehicle System

According to the mechanical analyses on the bogie with wheel diameter difference,it is deduced that the wheel diameter difference will affect the stability of vehicle system because of the balance position of wheelset and the contact relation of wheel-rail altered.Based on the value of wheel diameter difference,the effect of wheel dameter difference on the stability of vehicle system can be divided into 3 regions,namely,easy-stable region,sub-stable region and defective-stable region.In easy-stable region,the vehicle system has better stability and the wheelset does not likely appear partial abrasion.In defective-stable region,the vehicle system has worse stability and the tread has heavy partial abrasion.In sub-stable region,the vehicle system also has better stability but the flange has heavy partial abrasion.The theoretic deduction has been validated by simulation results,which indicates that the foregoing theoretic deduction is truly right.In order to improve the stability of vehicle system and alleviate the partial abrasion of wheelset,wheel diameter difference should be minished as possible,so that the vehicle can frequently run in easy-stable region.