超长重载列车纵向力影响规律仿真研究

建立超长重载列车纵向动力学仿真模型,并利用大秦线3万t重载组合列车长大下坡道制动试验数据对其进行验证;分析超长重载列车平直道制动工况时列车编组长度、机车无线同步控制延迟时间,以及长大下坡道常用全制动时坡度差、车钩间隙和ECP制动控制技术对纵向力的影响规律。结果表明:正常情况下,4万~12万t超长重载组合列车编组长度对平直道常用全制动和紧急制动时列车最大纵向压钩力影响较小,均未超过2250 kN的安全限值;超长重载列车在平直道紧急制动时,同步控制延迟时间超过5 s时列车最大纵向压钩力达到1200 kN,但仍未超过安全限值;长大下坡道中坡度差对超长重载列车最大纵向压钩力影响较大,在60 km·h-1速度进行常用全制动且纵向力不超安全限值2250 kN的条件下,4万t超长重载列车允许的长大下坡道最大坡度差为13‰,10万t仅为5‰;超长列车采用新型无间隙车钩和ECP制动技术对减少变坡区段常用全制动时的列车最大纵向压钩力不明显。

Simulation Study on the Influence of Longitudinal Force on Super Long Heavy Haul Trains

A longitudinal dynamics simulation model of the super long heavy haul train was established and verified by the braking test data of 30000 t heavy haul combination train on the long and steep down grade of Daqin Line.The simulation model was used to analyze the influence of train formation length and the delay time of locomotive wireless synchronous control under the braking condition of straight line,as well as the influence of the slope difference,coupler clearance and ECP braking control technology on long and steep down grade under full service braking on the longitudinal force of super long heavy haul train.Results show that under normal conditions,the formation length of 40000—120000 t super long heavy haul combined train has a small effect on the maximum longitudinal coupler force under full service braking and emergency braking on the straight line,which does not exceeds the safety limit of 2250 kN.When the delay time of the synchronous control of the super long heavy haul train under emergency braking on the straight line exceeds 5 s,the maximum longitudinal coupler force reaches 1200 kN,but it still does not exceed the safety limit.The slope difference of the long and steep down grade has a great impact on the maximum longitudinal coupler force of the super long heavy haul trains.Under the condition that the longitudinal force does not exceed the safety limit of 2250 kN under full service braking at the speed of 60 km·h-1,the maximum allowable slope difference of long and steep down grade for 40000 t super long heavy haul combined trains is 13‰,and that of 100000 t is only 5‰.The new type of gapless coupler and ECP braking control technology for super long train have no obvious effect on reducing the maximum longitudinal coupler force when full service braking is used in the slope changing section.