美国反托拉斯法上的行业协会

行业协会在促进经济发展的同时,为了成员的利益,往往实施各种限制竞争的行为,如固定价格、分割市场、联合抵制、标准化活动、禁止成员发布广告等,这些行为本质上属限制竞争协议的一种类型,受反垄断法调整。美国反托拉斯法上主要适用本身违法规则、合理规则、快速审查规则进行分析。由于行业协会具有特殊的公共职能,比一般的限制竞争协议具有更多合理因素,因而更多地适用合理规则,而本身违法规则的适用范围则有限。

Industrial Associations in American Anti-trust Law

While advancing the enormous development of economy,industrial associations often implement restrictive practices such as price-fixing,market division,collective boycott,standardization activity and advertisement-limitation, all these practices constitute one type of restrictive agreements in nature and governed by anti-trust law.The basic approaches applied to them in American anti-trust law are per se rule,rule of reason,quick look rule of reason,but these practices can bring about more positive effects compared with other restrictive agreements therefore the second rule has a wider range of application because of the public functions undertaken by associations.