医学生中医体质与睡眠质量的相关性分析

目的 探讨医学生睡眠质量与中医体质的分布特点及二者之间的关联性。方法 采用横断面研究，对安徽2所高校1 137例医学生的睡眠质量及中医体质分布情况进行横断面调查。采用典型相关分析探讨二者之间的相关性。结果 ①医学生睡眠障碍检出率为26.30%，男女学生在睡眠障碍得分上的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05），各年级医学生在睡眠质量各因子得分上的差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。②医学生平和质占18.47%，偏颇体质占81.53%。偏颇体质中排名前3位的依次是气虚质（占17.77%）、阴虚质（占15.22%）和阳虚质（占14.16%）。③不同体质类型的学生睡眠质量差异具有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。典型相关分析显示医学生中医体质与睡眠质量存在显著的相关性（P＜0.05）。V1所代表的湿热质与W1所代表的匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(Pittsburgh sleep quality index, PSQI)正相关，湿热体质者PSQI得分高，睡眠质量差。结论 医学生睡眠质量不佳，发生偏颇体质的可能性较高，气虚质、阴虚质、气郁质、湿热质者睡眠质量较差。

Correlation Between Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Sleep Quality Among Medical Students

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitution and sleep quality and their correlation among medical students. Methods A cross sectional survey was performed to investigate sleep quality and distribution of TCM constitution among 1 137 medical students from two universities in Anhui, China. A canonical correlation analysis was used to investigate the correlation between TCM constitution and sleep quality. Results The detection rate of sleep disturbance was 26.30% among these medical students, and there was a significant difference in the score of sleep disturbance between male and female students (P<0.05). There were also significant differences in the scores of each factor of sleep quality between the medical students from different grades (P<0.05). Among these medical students, 18.47% had normal constitution and 81.53% had biased constitution. The most common type of biased constitution was Qi deficiency constitution (17.77%), followed by Yin deficiency constitution (15.22%) and Yang deficiency constitution (14.16%). There was a significant difference in sleep quality between the students with different constitution types (P<0.05). The canonical correlation analysis showed a significant correlation between TCM constitution and sleep quality among medical students (P<0.05). Damp heat constitution represented by V1 was positively correlated with Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) represented by W1, and the patients with damp heat constitution had a high PSQI score and poor sleep quality. Conclusion Medical students have poor sleep quality, with a high possibility of biased constitution, and the medical students with Qi deficiency constitution, Yin deficiency constitution, Qi stagnation constitution, and damp heat constitution tend to have poor sleep quality.