我国东中西部地区创新效率差异研究 ——基于电子及通信设备制造业产业聚集视角

利用2009-2019年我国电子及通信设备制造业省级面板数据，将产业创新过程划分为知识生产与成果转化两个阶段，利用区位熵指数对产业集聚度进行测量，通过Malmquist指数计算区域创新效率，构建两阶段知识生产模型，研究产业集聚对区域创新效率的影响。研究发现，产业集聚与区域创新效率并未呈现传统的东高西低分布特征，并且知识生产阶段的区域创新效率高于成果转化阶段。同时，面板随机前沿回归结果显示，产业集聚阻碍区域创新效率提升，不利于区域创新，而来自政府资金、政策等方面的支持会在知识生产阶段促进区域创新效率提升，在成果转化阶段阻碍区域创新效率提升。最后，根据研究结论，从政府与企业两个方面给出提高区域创新效率的相关建议。

Differences of Innovation Efficiency among Central,Eastern and Western in China from the Perspective of Industrial Agglomeration of Electronic and Telecommunication Equipment Manufacturing

Main operating income of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing comes from the communication equipment manufacturing industry.As the supporting industry of the communication industry, the electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing has a bright future.Therefore, taking the electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing as the research object, this study focuses on the impact of industrial agglomeration on regional innovation efficiency in the two-stage process of production innovation.According to the existing research, it’s generally believed that the traditional distribution of regional innovation efficiency is no longer high in the east and low in the west, and the difference of innovation efficiency among the eastern, central and western regions is gradually narrowing.However, after years of development, under the joint action of various factors, what is the current distribution of innovation efficiency in various regions of China? What factors will affect innovation efficiency? Are the paths of various factors affecting innovation efficiency the same? These questions need to be answered.In addition, there are few articles digging the efficiency of innovation process from the perspective of innovation value chain, and the government has a certain blindness in planning and making decisions on the development of regional related industries.#br#Therefore, using the provincial panel data from 2009 to 2019, from the perspective of innovation value chain, this study disassembles the innovation process of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing into two stages: knowledge production stage and achievement transformation stage.Firstly, the industrial agglomeration of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing in regions from 2009 to 2019 is measured by the location entropy index which is quantified by the number of employees in relevant industries.Secondly, the Malmquist index is used to calculate the innovation efficiency of each region in the two stages of innovation, and this paper compares the efficiency values of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing in the eastern, central and western regions in different innovation stages.Finally, the stochastic frontier model is used to investigate the impact of industrial agglomeration on innovation efficiency in each stage.#br#The study draws the following conclusions.(1) The regional innovation efficiency of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing in the eastern, central and western regions do not show the distribution characteristics of high innovation efficiency in the east and low in the west in the two-stage innovation process, and the distribution of innovation efficiency does not show obvious regional characteristics.(2) The industrial agglomeration of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing does not show the traditional trend of high in the east and low in the west.In addition, the degree of industrial agglomeration of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing in most regions is increasing year by year.Although the industrial agglomeration level of Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Tianjin is high, the overall industrial agglomeration level shows a downward trend.(3) The regional innovation efficiency of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing in the knowledge production stage is generally higher than that in the achievement transformation stage,.It is consistent with the current development of China's high-tech industry.The differences of innovation efficiency in developed cities is much greater.The achievement transformation efficiency is higher than knowledge production efficiency in a few cities in Jiangsu and Yunnan.The innovation efficiency of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing in Guangdong Province is generally at the optimal level in the two stages.(4) The industrial agglomeration of electronic and telecommunication equipment manufacturing hinders the improvement of regional innovation efficiency, which is more obvious in achievement transformation.This is unfavorable for innovation activities.The support of government funds and policies promotes the efficiency of regional innovation in the stage of knowledge production, but hinders the development of regional innovation in the stage of achievement transformation.#br#