价值链视角下中心城市创新首位度评价与比较研究——以南京为例

基于创新价值链理论，构建创新首位度的理论内涵与评价体系，对南京和其它中心城市的创新首位度进行评价与比较。研究结果显示：①在总体首位度方面，南京位列省域中心城市排名下游，落后于西安、成都、武汉、郑州、广州等国家中心城市，自2008年以来一直落后于深圳、杭州、合肥、苏州等对标竞争城市且差距较大；②在分项首位度方面，南京的研发创新、产业创新首位度位列省域中心城市排名底端，导致南京在两个首位度矩阵中均处于C象限，创新价值链呈现严重的不均衡性；③省域中心城市普遍存在创新价值链的“漏斗效应”，即知识创新首位度＞研发创新首位度＞产业创新首位度，南京尤甚，说明技术创新过程存在大量沟壑；④拓展性研究表明，省域中心城市的创新首位度＞经济首位度＞人口首位度，但是近十年3个首位度的增速排序与上述情况相反，说明创新资源有着更强的集聚效应，应避免行政手段对创新资源的错配。最后，提出对策建议与研究展望。

Evaluation and Comparative Study on Central Cities'Innovation Primacy Ratio from the Perspective of Innovation Value Chain:Takeing Nanjing as an Example

Based on the theory of Innovation Value Chain (IVC), this paper develops the theory and evaluation system of innovation primacy ratio, and makes a quantitative comparison between Nanjing and other central cities. The results show that:①In terms of the total-ratio, Nanjing not only falls behind other provincial central cities and national central cities including Xi’an, Chengdu, Wuhan, Zhengzhou and Guangzhou, but also has been lagging far behind Shenzhen and other competitive cities since 2008.②In terms of sub-ratios of R&D and industrial innovation, Nanjing ranks in the bottom of provincial central cities, and result in C quadrant of the two primacy-ratios matrix, which means Nanjing bears a significant unbalanced IVC.③The “funnel effect” of IVC is prevalent in provincial central cities, especially in Nanjing, which means primacy-ratios of knowledge innovation > R&D innovation > industrial innovation. This phenomenon also reflects considerable gaps in the technology innovation and transformation process.④Extension research on provincial central cities shows that the primacy ratios of innovation > economic > population, which is totally opposite to the ranking in terms of their developing speed in the last 10 years, indicating that innovation resource has stronger accumulative effect, and the administrative means should be limited in order to prevent the mismatch of innovation resource. Some policy proposals are given at the end of the paper.