基于计划行为理论的耕地面源污染治理农户参与意愿研究 ——以湘阴县为例

耕地面源污染治理是新时代建设美丽中国、建设美丽乡村的重要举措，更是提高耕地质量，保障地区农业生产可持续发展和实现生态健康的必要环节。首先，基于计划行为理论从理论上分析农户参与耕地面源污染治理的意愿及行为机理，进而利用洞庭湖南岸粮食主产县湘阴县农户入户调查数据，运用二元Logistic模型、主成分分析法进行实证检验。研究结果显示：调查区域仅有61.29%的受访农户愿意参与耕地面源污染治理；参与面源污染治理收益增加度、参与面源污染治理改善周边环境、农技人员影响力、参与面源污染治理的精力能力、当过村干部等因素对耕地面源污染治理农户参与意愿均呈显著正向影响；而农户年龄对耕地面源污染治理农户参与意愿为显著负向影响。据此，在耕地面源污染治理过程中，地方政府应加强耕地面源污染治理政策宣传及农技人员技术指导，充分发挥村干部的模范作用，增强农户治理耕地面源污染的主体意识，提升农户治理效能感及社会责任感，切实保障农户利益，引导农户主动积极参与耕地面源污染治理，建设美丽生态洞庭。

Farmers’ Willingness to Participate in Nonpoint Source Pollution Control of Cultivated Land Based on Theory of Planned Behavior: A Case of Xiangyin County

Nonpoint source pollution control of cultivated land is not only an important measure to build a beautiful China and a beautiful countryside in the new era, but also a necessary link to improve the quality of cultivated land, ensure the sustainable development of regional agricultural production and achieve ecological health. Firstly, this study theoretically analyzed the willingness and behavior mechanism of farmers to participate in the control of nonpoint source pollution of cultivated land based on theory of planned behavior and then used the binary logistic model and principal component analysis to conduct an empirical test on the household survey data of Xiangyin County that is a main grain producing county on the south bank of Dongting Lake.The results indicated that, only 61.29% of the surveyed farmers were willing to participate in the control of nonpoint source pollution of cultivated land in investigation region; degree of increase in economic benefits from participation in nonpoint source pollution control, improve the surrounding environment from participation in nonpoint source pollution control, influences of agricultural technicians, energy and ability to participate in nonpoint source pollution control, once or now a village cadre all had a significant positive impact on farmers' willingness to participate in nonpoint source pollution control of cultivated land; however, farmer's age had a significant negative impact on farmers' willingness to participate in nonpoint source pollution control of cultivated land. In view of the above, in the process of nonpoint source pollution control of cultivated land, the local government should strengthen the policy propaganda and agricultural technicians' technical guidance of nonpoint source pollution control of cultivated land, give full play to the exemplary role of village cadres, strengthen the awareness of farmers as the main body in the control of nonpoint source pollution of cultivated land, promote farmers' self-efficiency and social responsibility, effectively safeguard the interests of farmers, guide farmers to actively participate in nonpoint source pollution control of cultivated land and build beautiful-ecological Dongting Lake.