城镇化过程中的流域面源污染时空变化

以斧头湖流域为研究对象，在野外调查的基础上，借助遥感和GIS技术，对2008年、2015年斧头湖流域土地利用格局、人畜排放进行分析，利用输出系数模型解析斧头湖的面源污染负荷时空分布及主要来源。结果表明:斧头湖流域2008～2015年面源总氮（TN）和总磷（TP）负荷输出分别从由原来的 2 915 和 178 t 增长至 3 252 和 202 t。城镇化发展使得农村耕地面积减少，耕地对TN的输出贡献比例降低，但是耕地化肥使用依然是TN最主要来源。城镇化使得居民区对面源贡献增大，特别是TP的贡献显著增加。随着人们生活水平的提高，畜禽养殖对面源污染的贡献也显著增加，应予以足够重视

Spatio temporal Change of Non point Source Pollution Loads in the Process of Urbanization

Based on field investigation, remote sensing (RS) and geographic information system (GIS) approaches of obtaining and processing water quality data and the corresponding socio economic data, this study took Futouhu lake watershed as an example, and analyzed the change of land use, population and domestic animals, and the corresponding spatio temporal changes of non point source pollution load for 2008 and 2015. The export coefficient model was used to identify the sources of the pollution load. The results showed that, the total nitrogen (TN) and the total phosphorus (TP) pollution loads in the area increased from 2 915 t and 178 t in 2008 to 3 252 t and 202 t in 2015, respectively. Urbanization resulted in a reduction of farm land area, and subsequently a decrease of contribution to the TN loads. However, the heavy use of fertilizers in farm land was still the main source of TN pollution. The contribution of residential area to non point source pollution, in particular, to TP load increased significantly, due to urbanization. In addition, livestock breeding was making an increasingly significant contribution to non point source pollution and should be paid sufficient attentions in future watershed management