长江中游城市群人口分布与城镇化格局及其演化特征

城市群日益成为我国人口集聚和城镇化发展的重要载体,2015年4月《长江中游城市群发展规划》的提出标志着长江中游城市群建设正式上升为国家发展战略。基于2014年长江中游城市群人口和城镇化格局现状分析,采用湘鄂赣3省第四、五、六次人口普查数据,分析了1990~2010年长江中游城市群人口与城镇化格局的空间变化。研究发现:(1)1990~2010年,长江中游城市群人口分布不均衡,武汉、长沙、南昌3大省会城市一直是人口的主要集中地,人口集聚水平不断提升,但城市群整体的人口集聚水平有所下降,人口分布的空间格局呈现出由单核心结构向多核心结构的发展趋势;(2)人口"镇"化是长江中游城市群城镇化发展的主要驱动力,城镇化水平经历了由以长江为界北高南低分布向沿长江、京九和浙赣沿线地区分布的发展过程,形成了多核心结构的城镇化格局;(3)对比人口分布与城镇化格局的演变过程,反映出人口集聚度对城镇化格局的形成有着重要影响,但区域城镇化同时受到经济发展水平、工业化水平、基础设施等多种因素影响,其格局变化更加复杂、显著。

DISTRIBUTION AND ITS CHANGES OF POPULATION AND URBANIZATION IN URBAN AGGLOMERATION IN THE MIDDLE REACHES OF YANGTZE RIVER

Urban agglomeration has increasingly become the important carrier of population agglomeration and urbanization development in China.With the proposed Yangtze Economic Belt strategy and New Urbanization Construction,development of urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Yangtze River catches more and more attention.In order to explain the formation and evolution of current pattern of population and urbanization distribution in 2014,by using the 1990,2000 and 2010 census data of Hunan,Hubei and Jiangxi,we analyzed the distribution and its changes of population and urbanization in urban agglomeration in the middle reaches of Yangtze river since 1990,from the aspects of total population,population density and urbanization.Results showed that:1) the total population in the middle reaches of Yangtze river has been growing continuously since 1990,with a pace of slowing down.The population is mainly concentrated in Wuhan,Changsha,and Nanchang.The spatial pattern of population distribution has shifted from a single core to a multicore spatial pattern.2)Increase of population in towns mainly contributes to the increase of urban population.The area of high level of urbanization has shifted from distributing in the north of Yangtze River to distributing along the Yangtze River,Beijing-Kowloon and Zhe-Gan Railway.And the multicore spatial pattern of urbanization has been formed.3) The spatial pattern of urbanization and distribution of population has a consistency to a certain extent,which reflects the influence of population agglomeration on urbanization.Urbanization has more remarkable changes in spatial for influenced by development of economy,industry level and more other factors.