渤海湾天津近岸典型海域PBDEs污染状况及分布规律研究

本文利用气相色谱质谱联用法开展了天津近岸典型海域水体、沉积物和生物体等不同介质中PBDEs含量分析，给出了天津近岸典型海域不同介质中PBDEs的污染状况以及各种同系物的分布情况，初步探讨了天津近岸海域新兴持久污染物PBDEs污染状况及污染风险。结果显示，（1）水体中PBDEs的含量相对较高，为（43.8~93.3）ng/L，平均含量为59.4 ng/L，沉积物中PBDEs的含量为（15.9~37.9）×10-9（干重），平均含量为22.8×10-9（干重），而生物体内的PBDEs含量为（6.19~34.8）×10-9（干重），平均含量为19.4×10-9（干重）。（2）三种海洋生物中海洋贝类对PBDEs具有最强的富集能力而海洋鱼类最弱。生物样品中监测到低溴代同系物为主要组分，而环境介质中以高溴代（主要为BDE-209）为主。（3）与我国其他地区相比，海水中PBDE的浓度较珠江入海口稍高，沉积物和生物体中浓度处于同一水平。海水样品中BDE-209占主要成分，而沉积物和生物体内低溴代联苯醚占主要成分。天津离岸海域PBDEs污染状况究竟如何以及类似持久性污染物的污染状况以及可能对人类造成的危害程度等研究都有待于进一步加强。

Pollution survey and distribution characteristics research of PBDEs in Tianjin typical coastal sea areas of Bohai Bay

In this paper, through detailedly analyzing the different medium samples collected in Tianjin typical coastal sea areas of Bohai Bay, at the same time, the pollution survey and distribution characteristics research of PBDEs is thoroughly discussed.The PBDEs content and the distribution of various homologues are analyzed by GC-MS.The results indicate that:(1) the PBDEs content is ranged from 43.8 ng/L to 93.3 ng/L in seawater, ranged from 15.9×10-9 to 37.9×10-9 (dry weight) in marine sediments and ranged from 6.19×10-9 to 34.8×10-9 (dry weight) in marine organisms.While the average concentration separately is 59.4 ng/L, 22.8×10-9 (dry weight) and 19.4×10-9 (dry weight).(2) Marine shellfish in three marine organisms have the strongest enrichment ability to PBDEs, while marine fish have the weakest enrichment ability to PBDEs.Low brominated homologues were detected as the main component in biological samples, while high brominated homologues (mainly BDE-209) were found in environmental media.(3) Compared with other coastal sea areas in China, the concentration of PBDE in seawater is slightly higher than that in the Pearl River estuary, and the concentration in sediments and organisms is at the same level.The study of PBDEs pollution in Tianjin offshore waters and similar persistent pollutants and the possible harm to human beings need to be further strengthened.