青岛近海沉积物中多环芳烃、多氯联苯和有机氯农药的含量和分布特征

利用气相色谱/质谱方法对青岛近海表层沉积物中多环芳烃(PAHs)、多氯联苯(PCBs)和有机氯农药(OCPs)进行了测定,并分析了PAHs、PCBs和OCPs的分布特征.结果表明,PAHs、PCBs和OCPs的均值分别为684.80、6.87和13.52ng·g-1,含量变化均呈近岸高、远岸低的分布规律.燃料的高温燃烧排放对本研究海域沉积物中PAHs有较大贡献;PCBs主要来源于工业及生活排放,但已受到控制;沉积物中HCHs存在工业和农业双重污染源输入,DDT主要是由于历史上使用农药造成,且在表层沉积物中受到好氧微生物降解.与国内外同类研究结果相比,调查海域沉积物中PAHs、PCBs和OCPs的污染程度及生态风险均处于较低水平.

Concentrations and Distribution Characteristic of PAHs, PCBs and OCPs in the Surface Sediments of Qingtao Coastal Area

PAHs were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) in the surface sediments collected from the southern Shandong Peninsula coastal area. Contents and distribution characterizations of PAHs, PCBs and OCPs in the area were discussed. The concentration of PAHs in the surface sediments decreased gradually from the inshore area to the offshore area. According to the ratio of P/A and Fl/Py, the release from combustion of fuel was one of the most major sources of PAHs in this area. The level of PCBs in the surface sediments was higher in the Jiaozhou Bay and southwest coast of Qingtao, and lower in the other area. The distribution of PCBs decreased gradually from the inshore to the offshore area. OCPs in surface sediments also decreased from the inshore to the offshore area. The HCHs data showed the area was polluted by agriculture and industry at the same time. There were only a few DDTs imported into the area in the recent years, and DDTs were decomposed by aerobic microbial degradation in surface sediment. The concentration of PAHs, PCBs and OCPs suggested that the potential risk of environmental pollution was low in the area.