长江口近岸水体悬浮颗粒物多环芳烃分布与来源辨析

对长江口近岸水体悬浮颗粒物中的多环芳烃(PAHs)进行了定量分析.结果表明,悬浮颗粒物PAHs总量为2 278.79～14 293.98 ng/g,排污口附近浓度最高,远离排污口浓度降低;就其组成特征而言,以4～6环PAHs为主,2～3环PAHs相对较少.聚类分析表明.除了城市排污外,河口水动力条件也对近岸PAHs分布特征产生一定影响.此外,悬浮颗粒物浓度、有机碳、炭黑含量也是控制近岸PAHs分布的重要影响因素.主成分分析和PAHs特征参数分析发现,近岸水环境中PAHs的主要来源为矿物燃料的不完全燃烧,此外还有少量石油输入.生态风险评价结果显示,大部分PAH化合物均超过ER-L值和ISQV-L值,表明长江口近岸水体悬浮颗粒物中的PAHs已具有不利的生物影响效应.

Distribution and Origin of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Suspended Particulate Matters from the Yangtze Estuarine and Nearby Coastal Areas

Parent PAHs have been quantified in suspended particulate matters from the Yangtze Estuarine and Coastal Areas. The results show that the concentrations of total PAHs ranged from 2?278.79-14?293.98 ng/g, and were characterized by greatest content near sewage discharge point with trend to decrease by increasing distance. As for PAHs composition, 4-6 rings PAHs were dominant while 2-3 rings PAHs were relative low. Cluster analysis found that except urban sewage discharge, the hydrodynamic force was influencing PAHs distribution patterns. Moreover, the content of suspended particulate matters, organic carbon and soot carbon of suspended particulate matters also play the important roles in PAHs distribution from the Yangtze estuarine and nearby coastal areas. Principal component analysis and PAH ratios demonstrated that uncompleted combustion of fossil fuels was the main source of PAHs in coastal areas, as well as a few anthropogenic releases of oil and oil products. Ecological risk assessment indicated that most of PAH compounds exceeded the effects range ER-L values and ISQV-L values, which might certain potential damage to the Yangtze Estuary ecosystem.