聚苯乙烯微塑料对小白菜生长、生理生化及冠层温度特性的影响

揭示小白菜（Brassica chinensis L.）微塑料胁迫响应特征，为微塑料污染生理生态机制阐释以及微塑料污染土壤生物修复提供理论基础与实验参考.通过室内水培实验，研究不同粒径（100 nm和1000 nm）聚苯乙烯微塑料（PS-MPs）胁迫对小白菜生长发育、光合生理、抗氧化酶活性、营养品质、解剖结构和冠层群体温度的影响效应.结果表明，PS-MPs （100 nm和1000 nm）胁迫均显著抑制小白菜生长发育和光合生理过程，其叶片数、株高、叶面积和生物量等表型指标以及叶绿素a （Chl-a）、叶绿素b （Chl-b）、叶绿素a+b （Chl-a+b）、类胡萝卜素（Car）和光合特性等均随PS-MPs胁迫增加而显著降低.同时，PS-MPs胁迫显著增强了小白菜氧化应激反应能力.随PS-MPs胁迫增强，叶片过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）活性以及丙二醛（MDA）含量均呈先升高后降低的变化趋势.PS-MPs胁迫降低了小白菜叶片厚度、海绵组织厚度和栅栏组织厚度.此外，PS-MPs胁迫显著提升了小白菜叶片植株冠层群体温度.综上，PS-MPs胁迫对小白菜生长发育及理化特性均具有明显的抑制作用和毒性损伤.

Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics on Growth, Physiology, Biochemistry, and Canopy Temperature Characteristics of Chinese Cabbage Pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.)

The aim of this study was to clarify the response characteristics of Chinese cabbage pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.) under two particle size (100 nm and 1000 nm) polystyrene microplastic (PS-MPs) stress conditions. This study can provide a theoretical basis and experimental reference for the interpretation of the physiological and ecological mechanism of microplastic pollution and the bioremediation of microplastic-contaminated soil. Hydroponic experiments were carried out to study the effects of two particle sizes (100 nm and 1000 nm) of PS-MPs on growth, photosynthetic physiology, antioxidant enzyme activities, nutritional quality, anatomical structure, and canopy temperature in Chinese cabbage pakchoi. The results showed that PS-MPs stress significantly inhibited the growth and development of Chinese cabbage pakchoi. When PS-MPs stress was increased, the phenotypic indicators were significantly reduced. Meanwhile, PS-MPs stress significantly enhanced the oxidative stress response of Chinese cabbage pakchoi, such as the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in leaves. Such a change tended to decrease the thickness of fenestrated and leaf and spongy tissues. Moreover, PS-MPs stress significantly increased the canopy population temperature of the Chinese cabbage pakchoi leaves. Microplastic stress had obvious inhibitory effects and toxic damage on the growth, development, and physical and chemical properties of Chinese cabbage pakchoi.