滁州市表层土壤重金属含量特征、源解析及污染评价

为全面系统了解滁州市表层土壤重金属污染水平和生态风险，采集滁州市4 360个表层土壤样品，并分析Cr、 Zn、 Pb、 Cu、 Ni、 Cd、 As和Hg这8种重金属元素含量特征，利用相关分析、聚类分析和主成分分析解析重金属来源，采用富集因子法、单因子污染指数法、污染负荷指数、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法对该地区表层土壤重金属进行环境风险评价.结果表明：(1)滁州市表层土壤8种重金属元素含量平均值均大于安徽省江淮流域土壤背景值，其中Cd、 Ni、 As和Hg空间变异较大，受外界干扰显著；(2)综合相关分析、聚类分析和主成分分析表明8种重金属污染来源可划分为4类，其中Cr、 Zn、 Cu和Ni来源于自然背景源，As和Hg主要来源于工农业污染源，Pb主要来自交通运输和工农业污染，Cd主要来源于交通源、自然源和工农业污染源；(3)富集因子法、单因子污染指数法、污染负荷指数法、地累积指数法和潜在生态风险指数法都表明该区域表层土壤Cd污染较为严重，Cd污染点位空间分布较多；(4)污染负荷指数法和潜在生态风险综合指数法表明，研究区内重金属污染程度较小、生态风险水平较低，但Cd和Hg的生态风险总...

Heavy Metal Concentration, Source, and Pollution Assessment in Topsoil of Chuzhou City

In order to understand the pollution level and ecological risk of heavy metals in topsoil of Chuzhou City, a total of 4360 soil samples in Chuzhou City were collected, and the concentrations of eight heavy metals including Cr, Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd, As, and Hg were measured. Correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis were used to analyze the sources of the heavy metals, and the enrichment factor index, single-factor pollution index, pollution load index, geo-accumulation index method, and potential ecological risk index were selected to assess the environmental risk of the eight heavy metals in the topsoil. The results showed that the average values of Cr, Zn, Pb, Cu, Ni, Cd, As, and Hg contents in the surface soil of Chuzhou City were higher than the background value of that in the soil of Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin of Anhui, and Cd, Ni, As, and Hg were significantly different in space and influenced by external disturbance. The eight types of heavy metals could be divided into four categories based on correlation analysis, cluster analysis, and principal component analysis. Cr, Zn, Cu, and Ni were from natural background sources; As and Hg mainly came from sources of industrial and agricultural pollution; Pb mainly came from the sources of transportation pollution and industrial and agricultural pollution; and Cd came from the sources of transportation pollution, natural background, and industrial and agricultural pollution. The overall pollution degree of Chuzhou City was low, and the ecological risk level was at a slight level based on the pollution load index and the potential ecological risk index; however, the ecological risk of Cd and Hg was generally serious, and these two heavy metals should be taken as the objects of priority control. The results provided a scientific basis for soil safety utilization and classification control in Chuzhou City.