重庆金佛山土壤中PAHs含量的海拔梯度分布及来源解析

高海拔山区的冷凝效应使其成为了持久性有机污染物(persistent organic pollutants,POPs)的储存库.利用气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC/MS)测定了重庆金佛山南坡不同海拔高度10个表层土壤样品中多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,PAHs)的含量和组成,运用比值法和主成分分析法解析其污染来源,采用Ba P毒性当量浓度(TEQBa P)评价其生态风险.结果表明,土壤中16种优控PAHs的含量范围是240~2 121 ng·g-1,平均值为849 ng·g-1,并以2~3环为主,7种致癌性PAHs的含量平均占到了总PAHs的17.8%.研究区土壤中不同环PAHs和PAHs的总量都随着海拔的升高有增加的趋势,其中低环的增加趋势最显著,而高环的波动性较大,但不同环PAHs占总PAHs的比例并未随着海拔的升高表现出一定的规律性.研究区土壤中PAHs主要来自于石油源,石油产品以及煤炭和生物质的燃烧源.研究区土壤已受到一定程度的污染,但毒性风险较小.

Altitudinal Gradient Distribution and Source Analysis of PAHs Content of Topsoil in Jinfo Mountain, Chongqing

The condensation effect has made high mountains the storage vault of durable organic pollutants. This research measured the content and constitutes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 10 topsoil samples collected at different altitudes from the south slope of Chongqing Jinfo Mountain by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer (GC/MC). And the pollution source of PAHs was analyzed by ratio method and principal component regression. The ecological risk of PAHs was evaluated using BaP toxic equivlants (TEQ_BaP). The results showed that the concentrations of 16 priority PAHs in topsoil ranged from 240-2121 ng ·g^-1. The average value of PAHs was 849 ng ·g^-1, and 2 to 3-ring PAHs were the dominant compounds. The concentrations of 7 carcinogenic PAHs accounted for 17.8% of total PAHs averagely. In the research area, various-ring PAHs and gross PAHs increased with the rise of altitude. The increase of low-ring PAHs was most obvious, and the volatility of high-ring PAHs was relatively high. But the ratio of different-ring PAHs in gross PAHs showed no regularity with the rise of altitude. The PAHs of soil in the research area mainly came from the oil sources, oil products, and combustion sources of coal and biomass. In the research area, the soil has been polluted to a certain extent, but the toxicity risk is relatively low.