间歇曝气对人工垂直潜流湿地氮磷去除性能的影响

采用页岩和香蒲(Typha latifolia)构建人工垂直潜流湿地处理津河富营养化水体,研究间歇曝气对潜流湿地氮磷去除效果的影响.设计水力负荷800 mm/d,气水比5∶1.试验期间(2006-06～2006-11),氮磷月平均去除率在8月份达到最大值.与无曝气系统相比,中部曝气使氨氮(NH 4-N)、总氮(TN)、可溶性活性磷(SRP)和总磷(TP)月平均去除率分别提高10.1%、4.7%、10.2%和8.8%,底部曝气则为25.1%、10.0%、7.7%和7.4%,间歇曝气能够有效提高人工潜流湿地氮磷去除效率.曝气产生的有氧环境不利于硝酸盐氮(NO-3-N)去除,试验期间底部曝气和中部曝气NO-3-N月平均去除率一直低于无曝气系统.试验结束后收割香蒲地上组织(茎和叶),测定地上组织生物量及茎、叶中的氮磷含量,结果表明,间歇曝气虽然抑制香蒲地上组织生物量的增加,但却能够有效提高茎、叶中氮磷含量.与无曝气系统相比,通过收割香蒲地上组织可使TN去除分别增加11.6g·m-2(中部曝气)和12.6 g·m-2(底部曝气).

Effect of Intermittent Artificial Aeration on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal in Subsurface Vertical-flow Constructed Wetlands

Shale and T. latifolia were used as subsurface vertical-flow constructed wetland substrate and vegetation for eutrophic Jin River water treatment, and investigate the effect of intermittent aeration on nitrogen and phosphorus removal. In this study, hydraulic loading rate was equal to 800mm/d, and ratio of air and water was 5:1. During the entire running period, maximal monthly mean ammonia-nitrogen (NH4+-N), total nitrogen (TN), soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) and total phosphorus (TP) removal rates were observed in August 2006. In contrast to the non-aerated wetland, aeration enhanced ammonia-nitrogen, total nitrogen, soluble reactive phosphorus and total phosphorus removal: 10.1%, 4.7%, 10.2% and 8.8% for aeration in the middle, and 25.1%, 10.0%, 7.7% and 7.4% for aeration at the bottom of the substrate, respectively. However, aeration failed to improve the nitrate-nitrogen removal. During the whole experimental period, monthly mean NO3--N removal rates were much lower for aerated constructed wetlands (regarding aeration in the middle and at the bottom) than those of non-aerated system. After finishing the experiment, aboveground plant biomass (stems and leaves) of T. latifolia was harvested, and its weight and nutrient content (total nitrogen and total phosphorus) were measured. Analysis of aboveground plant biomass indicated that intermittent aeration restrains the increase in biomass but stimulates assimilation of nitrogen and phosphorus into stems and leaves. Additional total nitrogen removal of 11.6g.m-2 and 12.6g.m-2 by aboveground T. latifolia biomass for intermittent artificial aeration in the middle and at the bottom of the wetland substrate, respectively, was observed.