化工企业风险可接受标准研究

分析归纳了一些国家和地区个体风险和社会风险,首次提出以人群自然死亡率为基础,确定个体风险制定的基础,把化工企业个体风险分为三类,分别为单个或少量暴露人员场所、居住类高密度场所和特别敏感的目标对应的个体风险,与国家安全生产监督管理总局规定危险化学品重大危险源产生的个体风险基本吻合.采用ALARP原则,合理确定社会风险并划分为不可接受区、尽可能降低区和风险可容许区.风险标准值的制定为企业风险管理和风险决策提供更加有意义的参考,也为化工企业开展定量风险评估提供技术支撑.

Research on Risk Acceptable Criteria of Chemical Enterprise

Individual risks and social risks in some countries and regions were analyzed and summarized. The point was firstly given that it can make sure indi- vidual risk based on natural death rate. Individual risks of chemical companies were classified into three categories, such as single or small amoun! of exposed personnel areas, housing high-density areas and par- ticularly sensitive target corresponding individual risk, and it is was conform to the regulations from SAWS which ensure the individual risk result from major hazards of chemical hazards. With ALARP principle, social risks were reasonably determined and divided into unacceptable area, minimizing area and acceptable area. Determination of risk criteria can provide a more meaningful reference for chemical en- terprises on risk management and risk decision-mak- ing, also it provide technical support for them to carry. out quantitative risk assessment.