三江平原挠力河流域50年代以来湿地退缩过程及驱动力分析

以小尺度的三江平原挠力河流域作为研究区域,分析了自1954年以来湿地的空间和时间退缩过程及其驱动力,重建了自1954年以来的土地利用/土地覆被变化过程。结果表明,湿地面积由1954年的1149878hm₂下降到2000年的277691.25hm₂,由占总面积的45.85%下降到11.07%,仅仅是原来面积的1/4不到;而耕地面积由206003.5hm₂增加到1440260.25hm₂,由占总面积的8.21%增加到57.43%。同时指出,人类农垦活动是挠力河流域湿地面积退缩的主要驱动因子。

Analysis on the Shrinking Process of Wetland in Naoli River Basin of Sanjiang Plain since the 1950s and Its Driving Forces

Wetland is an important resource and it is the most suitable and important survivinge nvironment to human beings.Because of natural and anthropogenic influence,wetland is shrink ing extensively.Its function is declining.All these have threatened the sustainable development of human beings.Taken Naoli River Basin as an example,the wetland shrinkage in space and time and its driving forces are analyzed from 1954 to 2000.The results show that the area of wetland reduces from 1 149 878 hm2 in 1954 to 277 691.25hm2 in 2000.The percentage of area reduces from 45.85% to 11.07%.The area of wetland is only 1/4 of the original.On the other hand,the area of cultivated land increases from 206 003.5hm2 to 1 440 260.25hm2.The percentage of area increases from 8.21% to 57.43%.And the main driving force of wetland shrinkage in Naoli River Basin is the human activities reclamation.