敦煌市水资源的可持续利用及调控对策

在综合评价敦煌市水资源数量与质量及其时空变化规律和特点的基础上,指出自然条件对敦煌水环境影响较小,而导致近期水环境发生变化的主要因素是人类活动,特别是水利工程建设活动,造成了河水断流、地下水位大幅度下降、土地荒漠化加剧等生态环境问题。为保证敦煌社会经济的持续健康发展,实现水资源的高效利用,必须做好以下几方面的工作:①调整和优化产业结构,大力发展旅游等生态型低耗水产业;②强化水环境保护,严格控制地下水开采;③发展节水灌溉技术,提高水的利用率;④重视生态用水,确保生态环境建设;⑤尽快实施引哈济党工程,优化配置水资源。

The Characteristics and the Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources in Dunhuang City of Gansu Province, China

This paper comprehensively evaluated the quantity and quality of water resources and their essential characteristics of natural spacial and temporal distribution in Dunhuang City of Gansu Province,China.The result indicated that the large scale utilization of water resources for irrigation has greatly affected the process of water cycle in this region.At the same time,construction of hydraulic engineering has also exerted severe impacts on eco-environment,such as drying up of the river,sharp drop of groundwater table and aggravation of land desertification.The authors presented the measures and suggestions for effective utilization of the water resources,and for ensuring healthy and sustainable development of society and economy and exerting the advantage in tourism of Dunhuang,including:1) to readjust and optimize industrial structure and develop low water-consumed eco-type industry like tourism by a big way;2) to intensify water environmental protection and strictly control groundwater exploitation; 3) to develop water-saving irrigation technology and raise water use efficiency; 4) to pay attention to eco-water utilization and guarantee eco-environmental construction and 5) to implement water diversion project from Haerteng River to Danghe River as soon as possible and optimize allocation of water resources.