黄河流域城市资源环境效率时空特征及影响因素

提高城市资源环境效率对流域高质量发展具有重要意义。采用基于非期望产出的SBM超效率模型和Malmquist-Luenberger指数,对2000年、2005年、2010年、2015年和2017年黄河流域地级以上城市的资源环境效率进行测算,并结合核密度函数分析其时空特征,应用Tobit模型测度城市资源环境效率的主要影响因素,以期为黄河流域资源环境提质增效提供有效参考。结果表明：近年来,黄河流域城市资源环境效率大致呈“U”型变化趋势,总体水平不高,非DEA有效城市的数量远多于DEA有效城市;城市全要素生产率呈下降态势,效率变化和纯技术效率变化呈改善趋势;产业结构和政府干预力度与资源环境效率呈正相关,经济发展水平、城镇化水平、能源消耗水平和环境治理水平对资源环境效率具有负向作用。

Spatial and temporal characteristics and influencing factors of urban resources and environmental efficiency in the Yellow River Basin

Improving urban resources and environmental efficiency is of great significance to the high-quality development of the river basin. This article uses the SBM super-efficiency model based on undesired output and the Malmquist-Luenberger index, the resources and environmental efficiency of cities above prefecture level in the Yellow River Basin in 2000,2005, 2010, 2015 and 2017 were measured and calculated, and their spatial and temporal characteristics were analyzed in combination with the kernel density function. Finally, the Tobit model is used to measure the main influencing factors of urban resources and environmental efficiency, which is expected to provide a scientific reference for improving the quality and efficiency of the resources and environment of the study area. The results show that the urban resources and environmental efficiency of the Yellow River Basin has generally shown a Ushaped change trend, and the overall level is not high. The number of non-DEA effective cities is much larger than that of DEA effective cities. Urban total factor productivity has shown a downward trend, but efficiency changes and pure technical efficiency changes show an improvement trend;industrial structure and government intervention are positively correlated with resources and environmental efficiency. The level of economic development, urbanization,energy consumption and environmental governance have a negative effect on the resources and environmental efficiency.