食用油聚酯包装的生命周期评价

采用生命周期评价法研究了食用油聚酯(PET)包装的生命周期环境影响,并对不同处置方式的环境影响进行比较评价.通过现场和资料调研的方式获得所有生命周期阶段的能量物质的输入、输出和环境外排数据.结果表明:PET包装原料获取阶段的环境影响潜值在全生命周期环境影响潜值中所占比例极高,占处置前环境影响潜值的81.8%.PET包装的全生命周期环境影响类别主要集中在化石燃料、无机物对人体损害和气候变化3个方面;在致癌、生态毒性和酸化富营养化等方面的影响较小.3种主要处置方式的环境影响潜值为焚烧填埋再生,其中焚烧和填埋分别增加PET包装处置阶段前环境影响潜值的5.1%和3.6%,而再生可降低63.9%.

Life Cycle Assessment of Environmental Impacts from PET Package Waste of Cooking Oil

Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) was used to examine the environmental impacts over the life cycle of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) package of cooking oil, and to compare the environmental impacts from different disposal modes. The data of mass and energy fluxes and the environmental emissions in all life cycles were obtained from site investigations and literature. The results show that the environmental impact from PET package raw material supply period was the highest, over 81.8% of total environmental impacts in its life cycle before disposal stage. The environmental impacts mainly come from fossil fuel consumption, damage to respiratory effects from inorganic substances and climate change. The contribution of carcinogens, ecotoxicity and acidification/eutrophication were less. In comparison of three disposal modes (incineration, landfill and recycling) of PET packaging, the environmental impact in incineration treatment was the highest, followed by landfill and then recycling. Compared to the environmental impact before PET packaging enters the waste stream, incineration and landfill could increase the impact by 5.1% and 3.6%. In contrast, recycling could reduce 63.9% of the environmental impact.