不敏感发射药检测与评估技术研究综述

为了深入研究不敏感发射药,从全尺寸发射药不敏感性能试验、实验室感度试验及小型模拟试验三个方面,综述了发射药在各类刺激源下响应特性检测评估技术的研究进展,重点阐述了具有发射药特点的小型模拟检测手段和方法。如热碎片传导点火试验、小规模慢速烤燃装置试验及发射药床临界直径试验方法等,提出了不敏感发射药检测与评估迫切需要发展的方向。研究发射药小型模拟试验及评估技术,该类方法可研究发射药配方组分、药型等对其敏感性响应规律及机理,有望减少或替代全尺寸发射药装药的外场响应试验;发展适用于发射药多孔离散状结构的试验方法、反应判据及评估标准,促进高能不敏感发射药的研究和应用;开展发射装药对弹药生存能力影响评估技术,结合典型弹药研究装药结构等对其反应等级的影响规律。

A Review of Research on Test and Assessment Technique of Insensitive Gun Propellants

To further investigate the insensitive gun propellants, the progresses of study on test technology and damage effect characteristics assessment of propellants were systematically reviewed from large-scale insensitive property test, laboratory sensitivity assessment test and small-scale simulation test and assessment for gun propellants. The paper mainly described the means and methods of small analog detection with the characteristics of propellant, such as hot fragment conductive ignition test, small scale slow cook-off experiment equipment test, and critical diameter test. The development direction for test and evaluation of insensitive propellant was put forward. Small-scale simulation test and evaluation technology of propellant were studied. This kind of method can study the law and mechanism of the influence of propellant composition and grain type on the sensitivity of propellant, and is expected to reduce or replace full-size propellant loading test; develop test methods, reaction criteria and evaluation criteria and evaluation criteria applicable to porous discrete structure of propellant, so an to promote the research and application of high-energy insensitive propellant; develop the technology for evaluating the impact of propellant charge on the survivability of ammunition, and study the influence law of charging structure on the reaction level of typical ammunition.