一种多介质层波形潜流人工湿地处理重污染河水试验

我国河流污染严重,城市黑臭水体的比率日益增加。人工湿地作为一种高效低耗能的绿色处理技术,已被广泛应用于污染河水的治理。通过对比分析分层装填复合填料的多介质层波形潜流人工湿地和单一砾石填料的普通人工湿地处理重污染河水的效果,研究了特种基质填料强化脱氮除磷作用以及不同水力负荷条件的影响。试验结果表明:在水力负荷为0.2 m~3/(m~2·d)时,普通湿地对COD、NH3-N、TN和TP的去除率分别达到55.95%、77.85%、39.80%和54.94%;多介质层湿地对COD、NH3-N、TN和TP的去除率分别达到58.52%、75.99%、67.08%和57.31%。在水力负荷为0.5 m~3/(m~2·d)时,普通湿地对COD、NH3-N、TN和TP的去除率分别达到68.46%、90.73%、42.13%和53.70%;多介质层湿地对COD、NH3-N、TN和TP的去除率分别达到69.61%、89.94%、77.58%和68.63%,其脱氮效果明显好于普通湿地。以复合填料包分层装填的波形潜流人工湿地系统具有良好的脱氮除磷效果,有很好的推广应用价值。

EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH ON A MULTI-LAYER WAVY SUBSURFACE-FLOW CONSTRUCTED WETLAND (MLW-SFCW) FOR HEAVILY POLLUTED RIVER WATER TREATMENT

River pollution is serious in China as the number of black-odor water bodies is increasing.Constructed wetlands (CW),as an efficient,low-energy consuming and environmentally friendly technology,have been widely applied to control water pollution.This research aims at studying nitrogen and phosphorus removal effect in CW with different fillers under two kinds of hydraulic loading rate,by comparing one MLW-SFCW fixed by composite fillers with general constructed wetland (GCW) packed by single gravel on treatment of heavily polluted river water.The experimental results showed that the removal rates of COD,NH3-N,TN and TP in the GCW at hydraulic loading rate of 0.2 m3/(m2 · d) reached 55.95％,77.85％,39.80％ and 54.94％,respectively;while the removal rates of COD,NH3-N,TN and TP in the MLW-SFCW could reach 58.52％,75.99％,67.08％ and 57.31％,respectively,significantly higher than the GCW.The removal rates of COD,NH3-N,TN and TP in the GCW at the hydraulic loading rate of 0.5 m3/(m2·d) reached 68.46％,90.73％,42.13％ and 53.70％,respectively;while the removal rates of COD,NH3-N,TN and TP in the MLW-SFCW could reach 69.61％,89.94％,77.58％ and 68.63％,respectively,significantly better than the GCW.The MLW-SFCW is worthy of application with better effect of nitrogen and phosphorus removal.