应用BLM模型预测我国主要河流中Cu的生物毒性

应用BLM模型对我国5条主要河流15个国控断面中铜的生物毒性进行预测,同时以虹鳟鱼为实验动物进行了实际水样的加标实验,得到实测生物毒性结果.结果表明,珠江、长江、淮河、松花江12个点位BLM模型预测LC50为0.13～0.46mg·L-1,利用虹鳟鱼进行的生物毒性测试结果为0.11～0.47mg·L-1,二者具有较好的一致性.对于黄河流域的3个点位,预测结果为0.42～1.00mg·L-1,实测结果为0.21～0.33mg·L-1,二者差距较大.根据预测结果与测试结果得到的水效应比(WER)范围分别为3.3～11.8与3.3～11.5(黄河流域,WERs值范围分别为10.5～25.0与5.3～8.3),均大于1.该研究提示,中国主要河流水系由于水化学条件不同,即使在相同的总Cu浓度下,所表现的毒性亦有很大差别;利用BLM模型和河流主要水质参数,则可以预测Cu的毒性.根据BLM模型获得的Cu的WERs值,将是制订中国流域水质标准的重要依据.

To predict copper toxicity in china 5 main rivers by using biotic ligand model (BLM)

In this research, the copper toxicity in China 5 main rivers including the Pearl River, the Yangze River, the Yellow River, the Huai River and the Songhua River were predicted by using BLM and tested by using the organisms rainbow trout separately. Results show that the predict LC₅₀ values were different from 0.13 to 0.47 mg·L^-1 whereas the measure LC₅₀ values from 0.11 to 0.47 mg·L^-1 and they similar to each other. However, in the Yellow River the predict values were different largely from those measure values. Further research should be carried later. Moreover, the WERs by using BLM and calculate WERs with fish were compared. Results showed that the values are in good accordance. All of the WERs are larger than 1, which indicated that the results from the laboratory tests used in WQC maybe overestimated. At present, in China current water quality standards and risk assessment procedures of metal are predominantly based on the total metal concentrations, no edition was carried after drawing. BLM is a viable alternative to conducting rainbow trout to evaluate a WER for site-specific adjustments to the WQC for Cu.