城市生活污水及二级处理水中手足口病病毒及肠道病毒的赋存状态

手足口病是由多种肠道病毒引起的传染病,其主要病原体有EV71、CVA16及CVA10。为了研究污水处理厂的生活原污水及二级处理水中此类病毒的存活情况,实验利用手足口病3种主要病毒的通用引物对其进行分型检测,同时使用肠道病毒通用引物检测所有肠道病毒,并对常规水质指标进行分析。结果表明,原污水及二级处理水的手足口病病毒阳性率分别为83.3%与36.7%,而肠道病毒阳性率更高达100%及93.3%。说明生活污水中的肠道病毒可以稳定存在,且若未进行有效消毒处理,可能存在于二级处理水中。在3种手足口病主要病毒中,CVA10检出率最高,达45.0%,CVA16及EV71检出率分别为8.3%及10.0%。可推断,CVA10为实验阶段该地区主要的手足口病病毒。通过相关性分析,肠道病毒的存活与水质条件密切相关。

Occurrence of hand-foot-and-mouth disease viral pathogens and Enteroviruses from domestic sewage and secondary effluent

Hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) is caused by a group of Enteroviruses such as Enterovirus 71 (EV71), Coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) and Coxsackievirus A10 (CVA10). This research focused on investigating the occurrence of HFMD pathogens from domestic sewage and secondary effluent before disinfection in a wastewater treatment plant using specific primer sets, meanwhile a universal enterovirus primer set was utilized for detecting the occurrence of enteroviruses and the conventional water quality indicators were monitored for comparison. As a result, 83.3% of the raw sewage samples and 36.7% of the secondary effluent samples were positive for HFMD viral gene, and moreover, 100% of the raw sewage samples and 93.3% of the secondary effluent samples were positive for enteroviruses respectively, indicating that the occurrence of these viral pathogens in domestic wastewater was high and they could also persist, even with lower probability, in the secondary effluent before disinfection. Of the three HFMD pathogens, CVA10 was detected from 45.0% of the total samples, while CVA16 and EV71 were detected from 8.3% and 10.0% of the total samples, respectively. It could thus be estimated that CVA10 might be the main HFMD pathogen in the study area at least during the investigation period. From the result of cluster analysis, conventional indicators could be known as nutrient supporter for microbes to live in water environment.