无硫膨胀石墨的制备及吸油性能

通过单因子实验考察了无硫膨胀石墨制备过程中氧化剂及插层剂用量、氧化反应及插层反应时间、氧化反应及插层反应温度对无硫膨胀石墨膨胀体积的影响。通过正交实验确定了制备无硫膨胀石墨的最优条件是:石墨(g)∶浓硝酸(mL)∶30%H2O2(mL)∶乙酸酐(mL)=1∶2.25∶0.25∶0.6,在30℃条件下氧化反应60 min,加入插层剂后在60℃条件下插层反应90 min,此条件无硫膨胀石墨的膨胀体积达317 mL/g使用XPS、FT-IR、XRD和SEM对无硫膨胀石墨进行了表征并对其吸油性能和再生性能进行了研究。结果表明,所制备无硫膨胀石墨对原油和柴油的最大吸附量分别为66.3 g/g和62.7 g/g。吸附原油后的无硫膨胀石墨抽滤再生后首次再生率为49.1%,原油的回收率为64.5%。

Preparation and oil adsorption capacity of sulfur-free expanded graphite

The influences of dosage of oxidation substances and intercalation substances,the oxidation time and temperature,the intercalation time and temperature on the swelling volume of sulfur-free expanded graphite were investigated.The optimal conditions for preparing sulfur-free expanded graphite are as follows: the rate of graphite(g),concentrated nitric acid(mL),30% H2O2(mL) and acetic anhydride(mL) is 1∶2.25∶0.25∶0.6;oxidated at 30℃ for 60 min,intercalated at 60℃ for 90 min.Under these conditions,the sulfur-free expandable graphite swelling volume reached 317 mL/g.The expanded graphite was characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscope.The expanded graphite adsorption capacity for crude oil and diesel reached 66.3 g/g and 62.7 g/g,respectively.Its first regeneration efficiency after adsorption of crude was 49.1%,while the crude reuse efficiency was 64.5%.