卡里佐枳橙在中国的生产适应性调查与比较研究

卡里佐枳橙是重要的柑橘砧木，在世界范围内广泛应用。20世纪90年代作为一种新砧木被引进我国并在部分地区用于柑橘生产。为了全面了解卡里佐枳橙在我国的生产表现，本研究采用田间观察和问询相结合的方法在全国6个柑橘主产省16个区（县）30多个果园开展了嫁接亲和性、早结丰产性、抗逆性等方面的调查。在重庆和广西两个不同的生态类型共三个试验点、分别对嫁接在卡里佐枳橙和枳砧上的梁平柚和纽荷尔脐橙等两个不同接穗品种开展了连续三年在树体、产量、结果效率和果实品质等园艺学性状方面的系统比较。结果显示，总体上讲卡里佐枳橙的嫁接亲和性较好，但与红江橙和无籽柠檬嫁接后表现出明显的不亲和；早结丰产性好，树势旺，结果效率不如枳砧高；果实品质优良，与枳砧相比无显著性差异。在抗逆性方面，卡里佐枳橙对裂皮病、天牛比较敏感，对碱性土壤比较敏感，容易导致叶片缺铁黄化。本研究将对我国柑橘砧木的选择以及以卡里佐枳橙砧果园的田间管理提供参考和指导。

Investigation and comparison of the performances of Carrizo Citrange in China

Carrizo citrange (_{Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata}) is an important citrus rootstock widely used worldwide. It was introduced into China in 1990s and applied as a new rootstock in some areas for citruculture. To comprehensively understand the performances of Carrizo citrange and provide references for rootstock selection and utilization in China, the methods of field observation and questionnaire were used to investigate the performances on graft compatibility, resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses and the yield precocity in more than 80 scion-stock combinations of more than 30 orchards distributed in 16 districts (counties) of 6 major citrus planting provinces. Horticultural performances on tree growth, fruit yield, yield efficiency and fruit quality of Liangpingyou (C. grandis) and Newhall navel orange (C. sinensis) located in 3 different locus in two different ecotypes of Chongqing and Guangxi grafted both on Carrizo citrange and trifoliate orange (Poncitrus trifoliata) rootstocks were comprehensively compared for 3 continuous years. Results showed that most citrus cultivars could be grafted on Carrizo citrange with good compatibility except for Hongjiangcheng (C. sinensis) and seedless lemon (C. limon). Citrus grafted on Carrizo citrange showed yield precocity with more vigorous growth but less yield efficiency compared with those on trifoliate oranges. There was no significant difference on fruit quality of citrus grafted between the Carrizo and Trifoliate. On resistance to stresses, Carrizo is susceptible to citrus exocortis viroid, long-horned beetles, which have become issues in orchards used as Carrizo as rootstocks in China. It is also sensitive to calcareous soil, causing ion deficiency and lamina chlorosis. The present research is of great value on providing references for the selection of rootstocks and the management of orchards for citruculture.