固原地区市售新鲜蔬菜寄生虫虫卵污染情况调查

目的：了解固原地区市售新鲜蔬菜寄生虫卵污染情况。方法：随机抽样分布于固原地区（黑城、彭阳、海原、红河、李寨）5个村镇菜市场的蔬菜,每个菜市场采购10种蔬菜（以凉拌蔬菜为主）各500 g,每种10份,共计500份,随意分发到当地农家,农家主妇第1次洗涤,笔者第2次洗涤,收集洗菜水各500 mL,分别标记。取沉淀物,用饱和盐水浮聚法制片,显微镜下观察,不论虫种检出一个虫卵或幼虫判为阳性,数据经统计学分析。结果：检查10种蔬菜,发现10种有蛔虫卵,9种有蛲虫卵,6种有钩虫卵,4种有绦虫卵,2种有鞭虫卵。500份标本中,2次洗涤后都检出了寄生虫卵（P〈0.05）,第1次洗涤检出率为23.82%,甘蓝最高,为32.86%,辣椒最低,为14.29%;第2次洗涤检出率为10.04%。还是甘蓝最高,为15.71%,西红柿最低,为5.71%。菜洗的次数越多,虫卵的种类越少,数量也越少。结论：固原市市售蔬菜寄生虫卵总体检出率较高,居民生吃蔬菜有感染寄生虫的机会,应注意提高防病意识。

Survey of market fresh vegetables contaminated with parasite eggs in Guyuan area

Objective： To investigate the market fresh vegetables contaminated with parasite eggs in Guyuan area.Methods： 500 samples were randomly collected from Heicheng,Pengyang,Haiyuan,Honghe and Lizhai,which distributed to the local farmers.The precipitation filtered from collected 500 mL water washing vegetables were made to slides by saturated saline flotation method and examined by optical microscope.Results： Ten kinds of the selling vegetables were investigated,ten kinds of vegetables were contaminated by Ascaris lumbricoides eggs,9 kinds of vegetables were contaminated by pinworm eggs and 6 kinds of vegetables were contaminated by hookworm eggs,4 kinds of vegetables were contaminated by tapeworm eggs and whip eggs contaminated 2 kinds of vegetables.500 samples were detected parasite eggs in twice washing.The average detection rate of parasite eggs was 23.82% in the first washing with the highest of 32.86% for cabbage and the lowest of 14.29% for capsicum.The total detection rate of parasite eggs was 10.04% in the second washing with the highest of 15.71% for cabbage and the lowest of 5.71% for tomato.The more times to wash vegetables,the fewer species and numbers of eggs were detected.Conclusion： The overall detection rate of parasite eggs in selling vegetables is high in Guyuan area.People are infected with parasites easily through eating raw vegetables,so we should raise awareness of disease prevention.