沙埕港春季浮游植物群落结构的初步研究

依据2006年4月对福建北部沙埕港浮游植物的调查资料，研究和分析了该海域浮游植物的种类组成、数量分布、多样性、群落结构及其与环境因子的关系。结果表明，该次调查共出现浮游植物115种，种类以沿岸广温广盐性种为主，并呈现较为明显的亚热带海湾种群区系特征，浮游植物的平均丰度为3113．24ind·L^-1；水平分布上，呈内湾高于外湾的格局；垂直分布上，表层丰度略高，不同水层的分布梯度不明显；Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、Margalef丰富度指数、Pielou均匀度指数和Simpson优势度指数分别为2．390、2．650、0．726、0．306。应用PRIMER软件对浮游植物群落结构的分析表明，沙埕港浮游植物群落分为内湾群落和外湾群落2大类群，且前者的异质性高于后者；影响主要差异的环境因子为溶解氧、pH、硝酸盐和硅酸盐；浮游植物群落结构和环境因子的相关性达显著水平（P=0．1％），相关系数为0．372；（pH、NH4、SiO4）是匹配浮游植物群落结构的最佳环境变量子集，两者之间的相关系数为0．701。

A preliminary study on phytoplankton community structure in Shacheng Harbour in spring season

The phytoplankton species composition, quantity distribution, diversity, community structure and its relationship with the environmental factors in Shacheng Harbour sea area in the northern Fujian Province were analyzed based on the survey in April, 2006. One hundred and fifteen species were identified, among which coastal eurythermic species were predominant, showing obvious characteristics of subtropical population fauna. The results showed that the average abundance of phytoplankton in Shacheng Harbour was 3 113.24 ind·L^-1. The abundance was higher in the inner bay than that in the outer bay in horizontal distribution. The surface abundance was a little higher, but there was no significant gradient in different water layers in vertical distribution. Shannon-Wiener diversity index, Margalef richness index, Pielou evenness index and Simpson dominance index were 2. 390, 2. 650, 0. 726 and 0. 306, respectively. Phytoplankton community structure was analyzed by PRIMER software. It showed that the community structure was divided into two groups of inner bay group and outer bay group, with the former being higher heterogeneity. The major environmental factors were DO, pH, NO3 and SiO4. The phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors was significantly correlated （P = 0. 1% ） with correlation coefficient of 0. 372. The subset of environmenal variables （ pH, NH4, SiO4 ） matched phytoplankton community structure best, with correlation coefficient of 0. 701.