现场海域人工鱼礁分布状态聚类分析

人工鱼礁的流场营造、鱼类诱集等建设目标,一般是通过单位鱼礁、鱼礁群等不同规模的形式实现的；实际投放的成千上百个人工鱼礁处于何种分布状态、它们是否满足单位鱼礁等规模要求,是非常值得关注的课题。本文利用空间聚类分析,借助基于划分的算法、基于层次的算法和基于约束的算法对投放后的鱼礁进行划分、归类或剔除,并选择单位鱼礁的重心、影响面积、鱼礁单体数量以及礁体间距4个指标进行比较分析,探讨人工鱼礁实际的组合聚类模式。结果显示3种空间聚类算法误差的排列顺序为：约束算法<划分算法<层次算法。通过对比分析,在基于约束的聚类算法下,最能反映人工鱼礁的实际集聚情况。

Clusteranalysis on distribution status of artificial reefs in field sea area

The flow field variation and fish attraction effects in artificial reefs are usually realized through different scales of forms such as unit fish reef and fish reef cluster. What distribution status of the hundreds and thousands of artificial reefs actually launched is and if such reefs meet the requirement of unit reef worth very much attention. In this paper, a trial on spatial cluster analysis based on partition, hierarchical and constrained algorithms, was compared in order to find a relatively suitable solution for interpretation of distribution. Centre of gravity for deployed reefs, their potential influenced area, number of unit reefs and distance between each of the two reefs are defined as four basic indices for further comparison. Results show that the error of three spatial clustering algorithms in an ascending order is: constrained algorithm< partition algorithm< hierarchical algorithm. Comparative analysis shows that the constrained cluster algorithm can reflect the actual distribution pattern of the artificial reefs in a best way.