我国三省稻田养殖克氏原螯虾肌肉中24种微量元素含量及健康风险评价

为探讨我国稻田养殖克氏原螯虾的微量元素含量水平和食用安全性，利用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)分析了湖北、湖南和安徽3省156份稻田养殖克氏原螯虾肌肉样品中24种微量元素的含量，并采用污染指数法、暴露评估和非致癌风险评价法进行污染评价和膳食评估。结果显示，在克氏原螯虾样品的24种微量元素中，Li、Be、Tl和U这4种元素未检出，Ni、Cd和Pb这3种微量元素检出率低于50%。有16种元素含量在安徽与其他两个产地间存在显著差异，而其中5种元素在3个不同产地间存在显著差异。所有克氏原螯虾样品中，有害重金属元素As、Cu、Pb、Cd和Cr的污染指数均小于0.2，处于正常背景值水平。研究表明，21种微量元素的总目标危害系数TTHQ=3.672<10，有害元素的THQ均在可接受范围，长期食用对人群没有明显的健康风险，但营养元素Fe的摄入值得关注。

Levels of 24 trace elements and health risk assessment in rice-crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) muscle in three provinces of China

Crayfish (Procambarus clarkii) is one of the most important economic crustacean species in China. In 2020, the area farmed crayfish was 0.14 million hectares, with production exceeding 2.39 million tons, which ranked the 6th among freshwater aquaculture species in China (the top 5 are all large freshwater fish species). As an important and popular freshwater aquatic product in China, the food safety of crayfish is widely concerned by consumers. Rice-crayfish co-culture system is the main production mode, and the cultured area and yield by rice-crayfish co-culture system accounted for more than 80% of the total. Therefore, it is urgent and significante to study the food safety evaluation of crayfish cultured in paddy field. Trace element level is an important index to evaluate food safety. Some trace elements, such as lead(Pb) and cadmium(Cd), are not essential to human health and extremely toxic. However, copper(Cu), iron(Fe), zinc(Zn), chromium(Cr), cobalt(Co) and selenium(Se) are essential trace elements for human body, which have been confirmed to be closely related to human health. When the essential trace elements in food exceed a certain limit, it will also bring adverse effects to consumer health.