长江三峡库区铜锣峡江段人工鱼礁生态效果初步评估

为了研究长江三峡水库变动回水区人工鱼礁建设后的效果,分别于2019年8月和12月,采用渔业资源传统调查与水声学探测结合的方法,对铜锣峡江段开展了资源现状调查。结果显示:人工鱼礁区域鱼类组成共计70种,隶属于6目14科,其中长江上游特有鱼类10种;人工鱼礁区域鱼类分布以小个体为主,夏季和冬季体长超过6 cm的个体占比分别为20.81%和22.19%;人工鱼礁区域鱼类密度高于其他区域,夏季和冬季鱼类密度分别为50.78 ind/hm2和86.23 ind/hm2;人工鱼礁区域鱼类分布具有时空特性,夏季主要集中于中下层,占比为87.79%,冬季主要集中分布于下层,占比为48.34%。结果表明,人工鱼礁具有一定的集鱼效果,有利于渔业资源的保护。

Preliminary evaluation of the ecological effects of artificial reefs on the Tongluoxia section of the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Yangtze River

Surveys were conducted in Tongluoxia River section of the Yangtze River in August and December 2019 in order to study the effect of the construction of artificial reefs in the variable backwater area of the Three Gorges Reservoir.The results showed that there were 70 species of fish in the artificial reef area,which belonged to 6 orders and 14 families.A total of 10 species were endemic to the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.The dominant species of fishery resources in the artificial reef area were mainly small fish.The proportion of fish individuals with a body length of more than 6 cm in summer was 20.81%,and the proportion of fish individuals with a body length of more than 6 cm in winter was 22.19%.The artificial reef area had higher fish density than other areas.The density of fish in summer was 50.78ind/ha,and the density of fish in winter was 86.23ind/ha.The distribution of fish in artificial reefs had temporal and spatial characteristics.In summer,87.79%of fish were distributed in the middle and lower waters.However,about 48.34%of fish were distributed in the lower waters in winter.Artificial reefs have a specific fish-aggregation effect,conducive to the protection of fishery resources.