基于动态规划的电动拖拉机动力电源能量控制策略研究

针对纯电动拖拉机能量利用率低、续航里程不足的问题，提出了基于超级电容和蓄电池复合的纯电动拖拉机动力电源系统。通过分析纯电动拖拉机的作业工况特点以及功率需求，对动力电源系统进行了拓扑结构选型和参数匹配，并以动力电源能耗最低为优化目标，应用动态规划对纯电动拖拉机的动力电源系统进行能量控制策略优化，对动态规划结果以及工况特点进行分析，总结出基于规则的动力电源能量控制策略，利用Matlab/Simulink建模对控制策略进行仿真。结果表明基于动态规划的控制策略能量消耗比基于规则的控制策略能量消耗减少了18%，证明了基于动态规划的能量控制策略在节能降耗方面的有效性。

Energy Control Strategy of Electric Tractor Power Supply Based on Dynamic Programming

Aiming to solve the problems of low energy utilization and insufficient cruising range of pure electric tractor, a power supply system of pure electric tractor based on super capacitor and battery composite was proposed. By analyzing the working condition characteristics and power demand of pure electric tractor, the topological structure selection and parameter matching of power supply system were carried out. According to the topology of the composite power system and the operating principle of the battery pack, super capacitor pack and DC/DC, a suitable modeling method was selected to model the battery pack, super capacitor pack and DC/DC by using Simulink, taking the lowest energy consumption of power supply as the optimization objective, the energy control strategy of power supply system of pure electric tractor was optimized by using dynamic programming, and the results of dynamic programming were obtained, and the characteristics of working conditions were analyzed, the energy control strategy of power supply based on rules was summarized, the control strategy was simulated by using Matlab/Simulink model. The results showed that the energy consumption of the control strategy based on dynamic programming was 18% lower than that of the rule based control strategy, which proved the effectiveness and reliability of the energy control strategy based on dynamic programming in energy saving and consumption reduction.