水肥气热耦合对枸杞光合作用和产量的影响

为了探讨水肥气热耦合对枸杞光合指标和产量的影响规律,采用四因素三水平正交设计方法,运用极差分析和方差分析展开了研究.土壤水肥气热耦合对枸杞产量、水分利用效率和光合作用均有一定程度的影响.土壤水肥气热综合调节措施对枸杞产量和光合作用具有正效应.在枸杞生育期降雨量为135.1 mm、土壤为沙壤土和实施滴灌条件下,确定的适合当地枸杞的土壤水肥气热最优组合为A₁B₁C₁D₁,即土壤深耕调节通气量,灌溉定额为4 815 m³/hm²,追肥量为高肥(纯氮量1 395 kg/hm²,纯磷量3 60 kg/hm²,纯钾量270 kg/hm²),覆PP无纺布增温抑草.该最优组合下,产量可以达到9 281.55 kg/hm²,比对照增产25.37%,同时,枸杞植株光合作用较强,果实品质较好.该结论为枸杞土壤水肥气热高效利用和提质增效提供了理论依据.

Effects of water-fertilizer-air-heat coupling on yield and photosynthesis of wolfberry

In order to explore the effect of water-fertilizer-air-heat coupling on the photosynthesis index and yield of wolfberry, four-factors three-level orthogonal design method and combine with range analysis and variance analysis was used. The coupling of soil water, fertilizer, air and heat has certain effects on the yield, water use efficiency and photosynthesis of wolfberry. The comprehensive adjustment measures of soil water, fertilizer, air and heat had a positive effects on the yield and photosynthesis of wolfberry. Under the conditions of rainfall of 135.1 mm during the growth period of wolfberry, sandy loam soil and drip irrigation, the determined optimal combination of soil water, fertilizer, air and heat suitable for local wolfberry was A₁B₁C₁D₁. The soil was deeply ploughed to adjust the aeration, the irrigation quota was 4 815 m³/hm², and top dressing amount is high fertilizer(pure nitrogen amount 1 395 kg/hm², pure phosphorus amount 360 kg/hm², pure potassium amount 270 kg/hm²), and PP non-woven fabric is covered to increase temperature and suppress grass. Under the optimal combination, the yield can reach 9 281.55 kg/hm², which is an increase of 25.37% compared with the control. At the same time, the photosynthesis of wolfberry plants is strong and the fruit quality is better. This conclusion provides a theoretical basis for the efficient utilization of water, fertilizer, air, and heat in wolfberry soil and the improvement of quality and efficiency.