华南地区引进水稻品种（系）在江汉平原的适应性研究

以华南来源的35份常规水稻品种(系)为试验材料,在江汉平原分高温栽培期和缓温栽培期两期播种,对其产量和品质相关性状进行考察,评价其在本地区利用的可能性。结果表明,参试品种(系)平均理论产量为520.1kg/667 m2,收获指数在0.5左右,全生育期110~120 d;整精米率达到国标1级的分别有26个(Ⅰ期播种)和35个(Ⅱ期播种);垩白度达到国标1级的分别有22个(Ⅰ期播种)和29个(Ⅱ期播种);直链淀粉含量达到国标优质的分别有31个(Ⅰ期播种)和34个(Ⅱ期播种)。桂育9号等15个品种(系)在不同温度条件下表现灌浆品质稳定,粤禾丝苗等4个品种(系)表现产量和品质双优。华南来源水稻品种(系)在江汉平原普遍表现出品质好、产量稳定、生育期适中等特点,但由于其在高温栽培期时部分品种(系)品质大幅度降低,因此其总体上更适于在缓温栽培期栽培,即作一季晚稻或双季晚稻栽培;产量和品质双优的品种(系)可以优先直接生产利用或作为育种材料深度开发。

Adaptability Evaluation of Rice Varieties from South China District in Jianghan Plain

An evaluation test was conducted,using 35 conventional rice varieties(lines)from South China as experimental materials,they were planted in high temperature cultivation stage and warm temperature cultivation stage in Jianghan plain,and its yield and quality characters were investigated.The results showed that the average theoretical yield of the tested varieties(lines)was 520.1 kg/667 m2,the harvest index was about 0.5,and the whole growth period was 110~120 d.There were 26 varieties(first sowing period)and 35 varieties(second sowing period)the whole milled rice rate reach the national standard level 1.There were 22 varieties(first sowing period)and 29 varieties(second sowing period)the chalkiness degree reach the national standard level 1,respectively.There were 31 varieties(first sowing period)and 34 varieties(second sowing period)amylose content reach the national standard high-quality rice.15 varieties(lines)such as Guiyu 9 showed stable quality under the different temperature conditions,and 4 varieties(lines)such as Yuehesimiao showed excellent yield and quality.The rice varieties(lines)from South China generally showed good quality,stable yield and moderate growth period in Jianghan plain.However,due to the fact that some varieties(lines)have greatly reduced the quality during the high-temperature cultivation period,they are generally more suitable for cultivation in warm temperature cultivation period,that is as single-cropping and double-season late rice cultivation;some varieties(lines)with stable yield and fine quality could be directly used in production or deeply utilization as breeding materials.