上海水稻精量机械穴直播技术研究与应用

以上海地区主推水稻品种为材料,在精量机械穴直播条件下,开展了不同类型水稻品种的小区试验和示范,明确了精量机械穴直播水稻的生育特性、抗倒伏性、群体建成和产量表现,并分析了采用水稻精量机械穴直播后土壤的微生物群落结构的变化和水稻生产经济效益。试验示范结果表明,精量机械穴直播水稻生育期明显缩短,单株分蘖力强,群体结构合理,穗粒结构协调,干物质积累多,抗倒能力较强,增产优势明显,节本低耗,生产效率显著提高,是目前极具生产潜力的一种新型高效低耗种植模式,适合上海都市农业发展的需求,也顺应了水稻低碳种植发展趋势,具有广阔的应用前景。

Research and Application of the Rice Precision Hill-drop Drilling Technology in Shanghai

In order to clarify the growth features, lodging resistance, population formation and yield performance of mechanical preci-sion hill-drop drilling rice, the experiment and demonstration of different types of rice varieties were carried out using the main rice variety in Shanghai as materials. The economic benefits and the changes of microbial population of soil after using the mechanical precision hill-drop drilling technique were analyzed in this study. The results showed that the mechanical precision hill-drop drilling rice has the characteristics of the shorter period of rice growth, the more tillers per plant, the suitable plants per block, the more weight of dry matter, the higher yield and the less cost. This technique showed high efficiency and less energy, thus it is possible to be populized in the rice production. This method is expected to meet the agricultural requirement in the city. Moreover, it leads to less carbon emission and has broad application prospect.